Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS
06:34

Identification of Rare Bacterial Pathogens by 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing and MALDI-TOF MS

Published on: July 11, 2016

16S rRNA methylase-producing, gram-negative pathogens, Japan

Kunikazu Yamane1, Jun-ichi Wachino, Satowa Suzuki

  • 1National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.

Emerging Infectious Diseases
|June 8, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Pan-aminoglycoside-resistant bacteria producing 16S rRNA methylase genes were found sparsely but diffusely across Japan. This study investigated the isolation frequency of these resistant gram-negative pathogens in clinical settings.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Antimicrobial Resistance

Background:

  • The emergence of antimicrobial resistance poses a significant threat to public health.
  • Gram-negative bacteria producing 16S rRNA methylases confer resistance to aminoglycosides, a critical class of antibiotics.
  • Understanding the prevalence of these resistant strains is crucial for effective infection control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the isolation frequency of 16S rRNA methylase-producing, gram-negative pathogenic bacteria in Japan.
  • To assess the distribution of pan-aminoglycoside-resistant microbes across Japanese hospitals.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 87,626 clinical isolates from 169 hospitals in Japan.
  • Identification of strains harboring 16S rRNA methylase genes.

Main Results:

  • Twenty-six strains carrying 16S rRNA methylase genes were identified.
  • These resistant strains were isolated from 16 different hospitals.
  • The findings indicate a sparse yet widespread presence of these resistant bacteria.

Conclusions:

  • 16S rRNA methylase-producing gram-negative bacteria are present in Japanese clinical settings.
  • The observed distribution suggests a diffuse spread of pan-aminoglycoside resistance.
  • Continued surveillance is necessary to monitor and control the spread of these resistant pathogens.

More Related Videos

MS2-Affinity Purification Coupled with RNA Sequencing in Gram-Positive Bacteria08:34

MS2-Affinity Purification Coupled with RNA Sequencing in Gram-Positive Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2021

Colonization with Murine pks+ Escherichia coli under Non-Inflammatory Conditions07:46

Colonization with Murine pks+ Escherichia coli under Non-Inflammatory Conditions

Published on: March 10, 2026

Related Concept Videos

Bacterial Phylum Proteobacteria01:26

Bacterial Phylum Proteobacteria

Proteobacteria, one of the largest and most diverse bacterial phyla, encompasses a wide range of Gram-negative bacteria distinguished by their outer membrane composed of lipopolysaccharides. These microorganisms exhibit various metabolic capabilities, including phototrophy, chemolithotrophy, and heterotrophy, and thrive in diverse environments from soil to aquatic systems and host-associated niches. The phylum is divided into six classes: Alphaproteobacteria, Betaproteobacteria,...
Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Bacterial RNA Polymerase00:43

Bacterial RNA Polymerase

Unlike eukaryotes, bacteria use a single RNA Polymerase (RNAP) to transcribe all genes. The different subunits of bacterial RNAPhave distinct functions. The multisubunit structure of the bacterial RNAP helps the enzyme to maintain catalytic function, facilitate assembly, interact with DNA and RNA, and self-regulate its activity.
In most genes, the transcription site is a single base present upstream of the coding sequence. Though RNAP is a catalytically efficient enzyme, it does not recognize...
Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems01:17

Gram-negative Bacterial Protein Secretion Systems

Gram-negative bacteria utilize sophisticated protein secretion systems to transport proteins across their double-membrane envelope into the extracellular environment or host cells. Based on their mechanism of action, these systems are classified into one-step and two-step pathways.One-Step Secretion Systems (Types I, III, IV, and VI)One-step secretion systems bypass the periplasm entirely, forming a continuous channel that spans both the inner and outer membranes:Type I Secretion System (T1SS):...
Stringent Response in E. coli01:23

Stringent Response in E. coli

Bacterial growth is closely tied to nutrient availability, with cells proliferating exponentially under favorable conditions and entering a stationary phase when resources become scarce. This transition is mediated by a regulatory mechanism known as the stringent response, which allows bacteria to adapt to nutrient deprivation by modulating gene expression and metabolic activity.During nutrient scarcity, intracellular amino acid levels decline. It results in the accumulation of uncharged tRNAs...
Peptidoglycan Synthesis01:28

Peptidoglycan Synthesis

Structure of PeptidoglycanPeptidoglycan is a vital structural component of the bacterial cell wall, providing mechanical strength and shape to the cell. It consists of repeating units of two sugars—N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM)—linked by β-1,4 glycosidic bonds. These sugar chains are cross-linked by short peptide chains, forming a mesh-like polymer that surrounds the bacterial plasma membrane.Cytoplasmic Phase – Precursor SynthesisPeptidoglycan biosynthesis begins in...