[Wireless capsule endoscopy: basic principles and clinical utility]

Wireless capsule endoscopy (PillCam) represents a major advance in the study of small bowel disease since this procedure allows images of hitherto unreachable areas to be obtained. Approved for use by the Food and Drug Administration in August 2000, capsule endoscopy is currently a first line procedure in the study of small bowel disease. This technique consists of a non-reusable swallowable capsule (length 26 x 11 mm) that acquires video images while moving through the gastrointestinal tract propelled by natural peristalsis. The main indications of capsule endoscopy are evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding, chronic anemia, and inflammatory bowel disease. Contraindications are swallowing disorders and known or suspected small bowel strictures of any etiology. Consequently, small bowel follow through is useful prior to capsule endoscopy when these lesions are suspected.