Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Factors Affecting Pulmonary Ventilation

Besides the pressure difference between the external environment and the lungs, the airflow rate and ease of pulmonary ventilation are also influenced by three other factors: surface tension of the fluid in the alveoli, compliance of the lungs, and airway resistance.
Alveolar Surface Tension
The alveolar fluid lines the luminal surface of the alveoli and exerts a force called surface tension. This force is caused by the polar water molecules in the liquid being more strongly attracted to each...

Respiratory Capacities

Respiratory Capacities

Respiratory capacities are crucial indicators of lung function, representing the maximum amount of air an individual's respiratory system can handle during various breathing phases.
One key metric is the Inspiratory Capacity (IC), which represents the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled with full effort. IC is calculated by summing the tidal volume and inspiratory reserve volume, typically ranging from 2.4 to 3.6 liters.
The Functional Residual Capacity (FRC) represents the air in the...

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities

The respiratory system is responsible for the intake of oxygen and the expulsion of carbon dioxide from the body. Respiratory volumes describe the volume of air in the lungs at different phases of the respiratory cycle. Tidal volume is the air breathed in and out during normal, quiet breathing. Inspiratory reserve volume is the air that can be forcefully inspired beyond the tidal volume. In contrast, expiratory reserve volume refers to the air that can be expelled from the lungs after a normal...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

The influence of lean and fat mass on vascular structure and function in youth of varying body mass index percentiles- a comprehensive approach.

Frontiers in endocrinology·2026

Same author

Attenuation of Immune Senescence Markers After Intensive Cancer Therapy Through Resistance Training: A Pilot Study.

Cancers·2026

Same author

Meal Replacement Therapy for Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Adolescents with Severe Obesity.

Childhood obesity (Print)·2026

Same author

Disseminating and Implementing the Science of Pediatric Obesity Treatment and Prevention.

Obesity (Silver Spring, Md.)·2026

Same author

Early-life adversity before age 5 is associated with reduced cardiometabolic health characterized by increased arterial stiffness and inflammation in adolescence.

Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association·2026

Same author

Dual X-Ray absorptiometry leg length in youth.

Journal of clinical densitometry : the official journal of the International Society for Clinical Densitometry·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

Published on: February 22, 2022

Aerobic-exercise training improves ventilatory efficiency in overweight children.

Christopher Kaufman¹, Aaron S Kelly, Dan R Kaiser

¹School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, MN 55455, USA.

Pediatric Exercise Science

|June 8, 2007

Summary

Eight weeks of aerobic exercise training significantly improved cardiorespiratory function in overweight children. Exercise enhanced oxygen uptake and ventilatory efficiency at the ventilatory threshold (VT).

More Related Videos

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

A Real-World High-Intensity Interval Training Protocol for Cardiorespiratory Fitness Improvement

Published on: February 22, 2022

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Improving Strength, Power, Muscle Aerobic Capacity, and Glucose Tolerance through Short-term Progressive Strength Training Among Elderly People

Published on: July 5, 2017

Area of Science:

Pediatric Exercise Physiology
Cardiorespiratory Fitness
Obesity Research

Background:

Overweight children often exhibit reduced cardiorespiratory function.
Cardiopulmonary decrements can persist into adulthood, increasing health risks.
Aerobic exercise is a potential intervention to mitigate these effects.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine the impact of an 8-week aerobic exercise program on ventilatory threshold (VT) and ventilatory efficiency in overweight children.
To compare changes in cardiorespiratory variables between an exercise group and a control group.

Main Methods:

Twenty overweight children (BMI > 85th percentile) participated.
Baseline graded exercise tests were conducted.
Participants were randomized into an 8-week stationary cycling group (n=10) or a non-exercising control group (n=10).
Ventilatory variables at VT (determined by Dmax method) were analyzed.

Main Results:

The exercise group showed significant improvements in oxygen uptake at VT (VO2 at VT) compared to the control group.
Ventilatory equivalent of carbon dioxide at VT (VE/VCO2 at VT) significantly improved in the exercise group versus the control group.
These findings indicate enhanced aerobic capacity and improved ventilatory efficiency post-training.

Conclusions:

An 8-week aerobic exercise intervention can significantly improve cardiorespiratory function in overweight children.
Aerobic training may help reverse declines in ventilatory threshold and efficiency associated with childhood obesity.
This study supports the use of exercise as a strategy to enhance cardiopulmonary health in pediatric populations.