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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

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Violent offending predicts P300 amplitude.

Edward M Bernat¹, Jason R Hall, Benjamin V Steffen

¹Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, Elliott Hall, 75 East River Road, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. ebernat@umn.edu

International Journal of Psychophysiology : Official Journal of the International Organization of Psychophysiology

|June 9, 2007

Summary

Violent offenses are linked to reduced P300 brainwave amplitude, suggesting a neurobiological basis for aggression. This association remained significant even after accounting for age, intelligence, and reaction time in male inmates.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychology
Criminology

Background:

Antisocial behavior, particularly aggression, is linked to neurobiological deficits in information processing.
Previous research indicates reduced P300 amplitude in individuals with antisocial behavior.
The association between P300 and specific types of offenses (violent vs. non-violent) requires further investigation, especially considering mediating factors.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the relationship between violent and non-violent offenses and P300 amplitude in incarcerated adults.
To determine if age, intelligence, and behavioral task performance mediate the association between offending behavior and P300.
To extend prior findings by differentiating the neurobiological correlates of violent versus non-violent antisocial behavior.

Main Methods:

Assessed P300 amplitude in a sample of male inmates from a medium-security state prison.
Correlated P300 amplitude with the number of convicted violent and non-violent offenses.
Analyzed age, intelligence, and reaction time as potential mediating variables using mediational analyses.

Main Results:

A significant negative relationship was found between violent offenses and P300 amplitude.
Non-violent offenses did not show a significant association with P300 amplitude.
Only reaction time, not age or intelligence, predicted P300 amplitude, and it did not mediate the violent offense/P300 relationship.

Conclusions:

Reduced P300 amplitude is specifically associated with violent offending, suggesting a neurobiological marker for aggression.
The findings support the hypothesis that information processing deficits, reflected in P300, are more closely linked to aggressive behavior.
Future research should explore personality correlates and neurobiological processes underlying aggression and offending behavior.