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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

In Vivo Protocol of Controlled Subconcussive Head Impacts for the Validation of Field Study Data

Published on: April 18, 2019

Stepwise advancement versus maximum jumping with headgear activator.

Mang Chek Wey¹, Margareta Bendeus, Li Peng

¹Orthodontics, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR.

European Journal of Orthodontics

|June 9, 2007

Summary

This study compared two headgear activator methods for skeletal Class II patients. Stepwise advancement showed fewer dental effects than maximum jumping, suggesting treatment duration is key for maintaining results.

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Area of Science:

Orthodontics
Craniofacial Growth and Development

Background:

Skeletal Class II malocclusion requires effective treatment strategies.
Headgear activators are used to modify mandibular growth.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare stepwise versus maximum mandibular advancement using headgear activators.
To evaluate treatment effects on skeletal and dental components in Class II patients.

Main Methods:

Prospective study of two groups of skeletal Class II patients treated with headgear activators.
Lateral cephalograms analyzed at T0, T1, and T2.
Comparison of stepwise (HGA-S) and maximum (HGA-M) advancement protocols.

Main Results:

Both groups exhibited enhanced mandibular prognathism and lower face height.
Maxillary forward growth was restrained initially, with sustained effect in HGA-S.
HGA-M showed lower incisor protrusion, while HGA-S had minimal dental effects.

Conclusions:

Both mandibular advancement methods yield skeletal and dental changes.
Stepwise advancement appears to have fewer dental side effects.
Treatment duration is critical for maintaining orthodontic outcomes.