Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction01:19

Multiple Sclerosis l: Introduction

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) that affects the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves. It is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults.EpidemiologyMS commonly begins between 20 and 40 years of age and is twice as common in women. Its exact cause remains unclear, but genetic susceptibility contributes, with higher risk in first-degree relatives and identical twins. A greater...
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Spinal Cord: Information Processing01:10

Spinal Cord: Information Processing

The spinal cord is an integral hub for motor and sensory information that enables the brain to communicate with the peripheral nervous system (PNS). This communication consists of relaying sensory data and transmission of motor commands.
Sensory Information Processing
Sensory information processing begins at the sensory receptors located in the skin and other tissues, which detect somatic sensory stimuli such as touch, temperature, or pain. These receptors function as catalysts, initiating...
Long-term Potentiation01:35

Long-term Potentiation

Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Long-term cuprizone administration resulted in cognitive decline and kynurenine metabolic disturbance: novel findings.

Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry·2026
Same author

Reliable Change Indices and Standardized Regression Norms for the Hungarian version of the BICAMS questionnaire.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2026
Same author

Long-term outcomes of cladribine tablets in multiple sclerosis: Treatment completion, persistence, and subsequent therapy transitions in Southeast Europe.

Multiple sclerosis and related disorders·2026
Same author

Exploring the potential of explainable deep learning for EEG-based cognitive decline prediction.

Computers in biology and medicine·2026
Same author

[Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: new international recommendations and emerging therapeutic options; current status of domestic practice in diagnostics and therapeutic strategies].

Ideggyogyaszati szemle·2025
Same author

Real-World Laboratory Analysis of Molecular Biomarkers in Multiple Sclerosis Centers in Central-Eastern European Countries Covering 107 Million Inhabitants.

International journal of molecular sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

Lateral interactions and speed of information processing in highly functioning multiple sclerosis patients.

Helga Nagy1, Krisztina Bencsik, Cecília Rajda

  • 1Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical and Pharmaceutical Center, Szeged, Hungary.

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology : Official Journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Highly functioning multiple sclerosis patients show impaired visual processing, specifically in detecting briefly presented stimuli. However, lateral interactions in the visual cortex significantly aided their performance, suggesting preserved compensatory mechanisms.

More Related Videos

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis
09:41

Comprehensive Autopsy Program for Individuals with Multiple Sclerosis

Published on: July 19, 2019

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool
11:35

The Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test (MSPT): An iPad-Based Disability Assessment Tool

Published on: June 30, 2014

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice
07:03

Evaluation of Hemisphere Lateralization with Bilateral Local Field Potential Recording in Secondary Motor Cortex of Mice

Published on: July 31, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology

Background:

  • Visual impairment is a frequent symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • Understanding visual cortex function in early-stage MS is crucial for early detection and management.
  • Lateral interactions are fundamental for visual perception and processing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate lateral visual interactions in the visual cortex of highly functioning MS patients.
  • To compare visual cortex function with basic visual and neuropsychological functions in MS.
  • To identify specific visual processing deficits in visually unimpaired MS patients.

Main Methods:

  • Employed the flanker task to assess lateral interactions in 22 visually unimpaired MS patients and 30 controls.
  • Measured orientation detection of low-contrast Gabor patches under varying exposure times (40-100 ms).
  • Utilized standard neuropsychological tests (digit span, digit symbol, verbal fluency, CVLT) for cognitive assessment.

Main Results:

  • MS patients exhibited intact visual contrast sensitivity and neuropsychological functions.
  • Orientation detection was significantly impaired in MS patients, particularly in the orthogonal flanker condition.
  • At short exposure times (40 ms), collinear flankers normalized performance in MS patients, indicating robust lateral facilitation.

Conclusions:

  • Detection of briefly presented, low-contrast visual stimuli is selectively impaired in multiple sclerosis.
  • Lateral interactions within the visual cortex play a crucial role in compensating for visual deficits in MS.
  • Findings highlight the importance of rapid visual processing and lateral interactions in MS-related visual dysfunction.