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Related Concept Videos

Antiprotozoal Agents01:21

Antiprotozoal Agents

Leishmaniasis is a widespread parasitic disease caused by several Leishmania species. It affects millions of people each year and remains a major public health problem in endemic regions. First-line treatment relies on pentavalent antimonials, including meglumine antimoniate and sodium stibogluconate. Even so, how these drugs work has not been fully clear, especially their interaction with parasite-specific biochemical pathways. One key target is trypanothione reductase (TR), an enzyme that...
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase01:11

Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase

Genetic polymorphisms in drug targets have emerged as critical determinants of interindividual variability in drug response and toxicity. Pharmacogenomic investigations increasingly focus on identifying these variations to personalize and optimize therapeutic interventions. A drug target may be a receptor, enzyme, or signaling protein involved in pharmacologic responses or disease-related pathways. While early pharmacogenetic studies focused primarily on drug metabolism, current research...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis V01:28

Pulmonary Tuberculosis V

Medical management of tuberculosis (TB) patients involves a comprehensive approach that includes diagnosis, treatment, and monitoring. The specific strategies can vary depending on the type of tuberculosis (latent or active), the patient's overall health status, and other considerations.
Latent tuberculosis infection occurs when TB bacteria are present in a person's body, but are not causing illness or symptoms. It is not contagious, and preventive treatment is crucial to avoid the progression...
Treatment Resistent Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistent Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...
Treatment Resistant Cancers02:56

Treatment Resistant Cancers

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. A cancer cell is genetically unstable and hence can mutate faster. They can also modify their microenvironment and escape immune surveillance. The difficulties in treating cancer are further compounded by the emergence of rapid resistance to anticancer drugs. The most common ways to attain resistance in cancer cells include alteration in drug transport and metabolism, modification of drug target, elevated DNA damage response, or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
10:49

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

Troxacitabine in acute leukemia.

R Swords1, F Giles

  • 1Department of Haematology, University College Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland.

Hematology (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Troxacitabine is a novel synthetic l-nucleoside with broad cytotoxic activity against various cancers. Clinical trials show its efficacy in solid and hematological malignancies, even those resistant to cytarabine.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Medicinal Chemistry
  • Pharmacology

Context:

  • Troxacitabine, a synthetic l-nucleoside enantiomer, was developed based on lamivudine's cytotoxic and antiviral properties.
  • Its unique stereochemistry confers potent cytotoxic activity against a broad spectrum of malignancies.

Purpose:

  • To review the pharmacology, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, tolerability, and clinical efficacy of troxacitabine.
  • To highlight troxacitabine's potential as a novel anticancer agent.

Summary:

  • Troxacitabine exhibits broad-spectrum cytotoxic activity, particularly against various cancer cell lines.
  • Initial clinical studies demonstrate efficacy in both solid tumors and hematological malignancies.
  • It shows effectiveness even in cancers resistant to conventional chemotherapy like cytarabine (ara-C).

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia
10:49

Pre-clinical Evaluation of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for Treatment of Acute Leukemia

Published on: September 18, 2013

Impact:

  • Troxacitabine represents a promising new therapeutic candidate for cancer treatment.
  • Its unique profile may offer new options for patients with refractory or resistant malignancies.
  • Further clinical development is warranted based on its demonstrated preclinical and early clinical activity.