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Updated: Jul 14, 2026
09:46
Accessing the Cytotoxicity and Cell Response to Biomaterials
Published on: July 8, 2021
Comparison of human pulp response to total-etch and self-etch bonding agents
Seema Nayyar1, Sanjay Tewari, Brijbala Arora
1Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Government Dental College, PGIMS, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
Summary
Both total-etch (Prime & Bond NT) and self-etch (Xeno III) adhesives demonstrated similar, acceptable pulp responses and bacterial leakage in human teeth after 30 days, indicating good biological compatibility.
Area of Science:
- Dental materials science
- Biomaterials
- Restorative dentistry
Background:
- Dental adhesives are crucial for bonding restorative materials to tooth structure.
- Total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems represent distinct approaches to dentin bonding.
- Understanding pulp response to different adhesive systems is vital for clinical success.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the biological response of human pulp to a total-etch adhesive (Prime & Bond NT) and a self-etch adhesive (Xeno III).
- To evaluate pulp inflammation, bacterial leakage, and reactionary dentin formation associated with these two adhesive systems.
- To assess the influence of remaining dentin thickness on pulp response.
Main Methods:
- Class V cavities (2 mm deep) were prepared in human premolars.
- Teeth were randomly assigned to receive either Prime & Bond NT (total-etch) or Xeno III (self-etch) adhesive systems.
- Histological analysis was performed at 7 and 30 days post-restoration.
Main Results:
- Both adhesives showed initial moderate to severe inflammation at 7 days, which minimized by 30 days.
- Bacterial leakage was observed in 42.5% of restorations, and 40% showed pulp inflammation.
- Remaining dentin thickness significantly influenced inflammatory activity; a correlation existed between inflammation and bacteria.
- Pulp response to Xeno III was minimally different from Prime & Bond NT (p < .05).
Conclusions:
- The self-etching adhesive Xeno III exhibited comparable pulp response and bacterial leakage to the total-etch adhesive Prime & Bond NT.
- Both adhesive systems demonstrated acceptable biological compatibility with human pulps at the 30-day evaluation period.
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