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Related Concept Videos

Skin Cancer01:30

Skin Cancer

Skin cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when there is an abnormal growth of skin cells, usually triggered by damage to the DNA within the skin cells. It is primarily caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources like tanning beds. Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer worldwide, and its incidence continues to rise.
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC): BCC is the most common type of skin cancer, accounting for about 80% of cases. It typically develops in...
Skin Diseases and Disorders01:23

Skin Diseases and Disorders

Skin is the first line of defense and encounters a variety of microbes. Some pathogenic strains are often the cause of a broad range of infections of the skin and other body systems. These conditions can affect people of all ages and may have different causes, including genetic factors, infections, autoimmune reactions, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices.
Gram-positive Staphylococcus spp. and Streptococcus spp. are responsible for many of the most common skin infections. However, many...
Staphylococcal Skin Infections01:29

Staphylococcal Skin Infections

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive coccus that resides harmlessly on the skin and mucous membranes of healthy individuals. When the skin barrier is breached, it can shift from a commensal to an opportunistic pathogen. This transition is facilitated by surface adhesins, such as clumping factor B and S. aureus surface protein G (SasG), which bind to structural proteins, including loricrin and cytokeratin, in the damaged epidermis. Protein A, another key factor, binds the Fc region of...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Pulmonary Tuberculosis III01:31

Pulmonary Tuberculosis III

Tuberculosis (TB) is a contagious infection primarily affecting the lung parenchyma but which can also affect other body parts. TB can be classified based on disease development, presentation, and the affected anatomical site.
The first classification is based on the development of the disease, and it includes the following categories:
Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV01:26

Pulmonary Tuberculosis IV

Tuberculosis, more commonly referred to as TB, is an infectious disease stemming from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. While it primarily impacts the lungs, TB can also affect other body areas. Given its severity and global impact, timely and accurate diagnosis is crucial for controlling its spread and improving patient outcomes.
Several diagnostic approaches are used to detect TB. The conventional method is the Tuberculin Skin Test (TST), also known as the Mantoux test. However, this method has...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
05:44

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: June 10, 2025

Cutaneous sarcoidosis: differential diagnosis.

Esteban Fernandez-Faith1, Jonelle McDonnell

  • 1Department of Dermatology, The Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Clinics in Dermatology
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Sarcoidosis often affects the skin, presenting diverse lesions. Recognizing these cutaneous manifestations is crucial for diagnosing this multisystem disease and assessing potential systemic involvement.

Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Immunology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease affecting 20%-35% of patients with cutaneous lesions.
  • Its varied clinical presentation earns it the moniker "great imitator," necessitating comprehensive diagnostic criteria.
  • Cutaneous sarcoidosis is classified into specific lesions (with granulomas) and nonspecific lesions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the classification and clinical presentation of cutaneous sarcoidosis.
  • To highlight the diagnostic importance of skin lesions in sarcoidosis.
  • To emphasize the role of histology in differentiating specific and nonspecific cutaneous lesions.

Main Methods:

  • Review of clinical, histopathological, and epidemiological data on sarcoidosis.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus
05:44

Skin Biopsy for Diagnosing Discoid Lupus Erythematosus

Published on: June 10, 2025

  • Classification of cutaneous lesions based on the presence of noncaseating granulomas.
  • Discussion of specific and nonspecific cutaneous manifestations.
  • Main Results:

    • Specific cutaneous lesions include maculopapules, plaques, nodules, lupus pernio, scar infiltration, alopecia, ulcerative lesions, and hypopigmentation.
    • Nonspecific lesions include erythema nodosum, calcifications, prurigo, erythema multiforme, nail clubbing, and Sweet syndrome.
    • Cutaneous sarcoidosis is associated with systemic involvement and provides a accessible site for biopsy.

    Conclusions:

    • Cutaneous sarcoidosis presents with a wide spectrum of specific and nonspecific lesions.
    • Histopathological examination is key to classifying lesions as specific (granulomatous) or nonspecific.
    • Considering skin manifestations is vital for diagnosing sarcoidosis and evaluating systemic disease.