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Contemporary imaging for thyroid cancer.

Tracy S Wang1, David W Cheng, Robert Udelsman

  • 1Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital, 333 Cedar Street FMB 102, Box 208062, New Haven, CT 06520-8062, USA.

Surgical Oncology Clinics of North America
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
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Thyroid nodules are common, and thyroid cancer is increasing. Positron-emission-tomography shows promise for detecting thyroid cancer in specific patient groups with elevated thyroglobulin and negative iodine scans.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Nuclear Medicine
  • Radiology

Background:

  • Thyroid nodules are highly prevalent in the US adult population.
  • The incidence of thyroid cancer is rising.
  • Preoperative ultrasonography is essential for evaluating thyroid nodules.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the potential utility of (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose-positron-emission-tomography (FDG-PET) in diagnosing thyroid cancer.
  • To assess FDG-PET's role in patients with elevated serum thyroglobulin and negative iodine scans.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent studies on FDG-PET, with or without CT imaging, for thyroid cancer detection.
  • Focus on specific patient cohorts with elevated thyroglobulin and negative (131)I scans.

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Main Results:

  • FDG-PET imaging shows encouraging results for its potential in detecting thyroid cancer.
  • The technique may be particularly useful in cases with indeterminate or suspicious findings on conventional imaging.

Conclusions:

  • FDG-PET imaging is a promising tool for evaluating thyroid cancer in select patients.
  • Further research is warranted to establish its definitive role in clinical practice.