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Published on: December 6, 2016
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome: are we missing an at-risk population?
Christopher J Lettieri1, Am H Eliasson, Teotimo Andrada
1Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307, USA. christopher.lettieri@us.army.mil
Summary
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) affects individuals of all ages and weights. This study found that OSAS severity is not dependent on age or body mass index (BMI), even in younger, less obese populations.
Area of Science:
- Sleep Medicine
- Pulmonology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is commonly associated with older age and higher body-mass index (BMI).
- Preconceived notions about typical OSAS patients can lead to underdiagnosis in younger, non-overweight individuals.
- This study investigated the relationship between OSAS severity, age, and BMI in a diverse population, including active-duty military personnel.
Purpose of the Study:
- To test the hypothesis that OSAS severity is independent of age and BMI in a younger, less obese population.
- To evaluate potential differences in OSAS prevalence and severity across different demographic groups (active-duty military, National Guardsmen, civilians).
Main Methods:
- A prospective study included 270 consecutive patients diagnosed with OSAS.
- Demographic data, including age and BMI, were collected for active-duty military members, National Guardsmen, and civilians.
- Correlation between age, BMI, and OSAS severity (apnea-hypopnea index - AHI) was analyzed.
Main Results:
- Active-duty military personnel were significantly younger and had lower BMIs compared to National Guardsmen and civilians.
- Despite demographic differences, the prevalence of severe OSAS did not vary significantly between the groups.
- No significant correlation was found between BMI and OSAS severity in active-duty subjects; a weak correlation existed between age and AHI across all subjects.
Conclusions:
- Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) can occur in young, non-obese individuals.
- Excessive daytime sleepiness warrants consideration for OSAS, irrespective of patient age or BMI.
- Clinical awareness of OSAS in diverse populations is crucial for accurate diagnosis and management.
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