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Related Experiment Videos

Changing environmental influences on substance use across development.

Danielle M Dick1, Jason L Pagan, Richard Viken

  • 1Washington University, Department of Psychiatry, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. dickd@wustl.edu

Twin Research and Human Genetics : the Official Journal of the International Society for Twin Studies
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
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Parenting significantly influences adolescent smoking, with genetic factors playing a larger role when monitoring is low. Peer influence is more critical for adolescent drinking, especially when friends use alcohol.

Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Genetics
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Substance Use Research

Background:

  • Substance use is influenced by environmental factors, necessitating research into specific environmental influences.
  • Genetic and environmental influences on behavior, including substance use, change across development.
  • Twin studies are crucial for disentangling genetic and environmental contributions to complex behaviors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how parenting and peer characteristics moderate genetic and environmental influences on adolescent smoking and drinking.
  • To examine developmental changes in these influences from ages 14 to 17.
  • To integrate environmental measures into genetically informative twin models.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of twin study data focusing on adolescent smoking and drinking at ages 14 and 17.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Examination of moderating effects of parental monitoring, time spent with parents, and peer alcohol use.
  • Application of genetically informative twin models incorporating measured environmental variables.

    • Main Results:

    • Parenting dimensions (monitoring, time with parents) moderated adolescent smoking, but not drinking.
    • For smoking, genetic influences increased and shared environmental effects decreased with lower parental monitoring and more time with parents.
    • Adolescent drinking was more influenced by peer characteristics, with genetic predispositions increasing among those with more alcohol-using friends.

    Conclusions:

    • Environmental factors like parenting and peer influence play significant moderating roles in adolescent substance use.
    • A developmental perspective is essential, as influences vary across age and substance use phenotype.
    • Integrating environmental measures into twin models enhances understanding of gene-environment interplay in substance use.