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Related Experiment Videos

Renal function in preterm twins with birthweight discordance.

V Zanardo1, R Da Riol, L Marchesini

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Padua University, Italy.

Child Nephrology and Urology
|January 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary
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Gestational age, not birth weight differences, primarily determines kidney function in premature twins with fetal malnutrition. This impacts glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion at birth.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Nephrology
  • Fetal Development

Background:

  • Fetal malnutrition can impact organ development, including kidneys.
  • Premature twins with birthweight discordance present a unique model to study renal function development.
  • Understanding renal function in this population is crucial for long-term health outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess glomerular filtration rate and fractional sodium excretion in premature twins with birthweight discordance.
  • To identify the primary determinant of renal function at birth in this cohort.

Main Methods:

  • Compared glomerular filtration rate (creatinine clearance) and fractional sodium excretion (FENa) in premature twins (<= 35 weeks gestational age) with birthweight discordance.
  • Stratified twins into groups based on birthweight percentile (<= 10% vs. higher).

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  • Controlled for fluid intake, serum biochemistry, and early postnatal weight changes.

    • Main Results:

    • Creatinine clearance and FENa showed significant correlations with gestational age (r = +0.63 and r = -0.46, respectively).
    • No significant differences in creatinine clearance or FENa were observed between the birthweight discordance groups.
    • Groups were comparable in fluid intake, serum tests, and 24-hour weight loss.

    Conclusions:

    • Gestational age is the principal determinant of renal function at birth in premature twins experiencing fetal malnutrition and birthweight discordance.
    • Birthweight discordance itself does not appear to be a significant factor influencing immediate postnatal kidney function in this context.
    • These findings highlight the critical role of gestational maturity in neonatal kidney development.