Community-onset urinary tract infections: a population-based assessment
K B Laupland1, T Ross, J D D Pitout
1Calgary Laboratory Services, Centre for Anti-microbial Resistance, University of Calgary and Calgary Health Region, Room 1W-415, #9, 3535 Research Road NW, T2L 2K8 Calgary, AB, Canada. kevin.laupland@calgaryhealthregion.ca
Infection
|June 15, 2007
Summary
This study reveals that community-onset urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common, with Escherichia coli being the primary cause. Antimicrobial resistance rates vary significantly across different patient groups and locations.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Limited population-based data exists for community-onset urinary tract infections (UTIs).
- Previous studies have not fully captured the incidence, risk factors, and etiology of UTIs in a broad population.
Purpose of the Study:
- To define the incidence, demographic risk factors, etiology, and antimicrobial susceptibilities of community-onset UTIs.
- To provide population-based data for a large Canadian region.
Main Methods:
- Conducted population-based laboratory surveillance for community-onset UTIs in the Calgary Health Region (approx. 1.2 million population) during 2004/2005.
- Excluded repeated positive samples within 1 month and infections cultured >2 days after hospital admission.
Main Results:
- Identified 40,618 episodes of community-onset UTI, with an annual incidence of 17.5 per 1,000 residents.
- Females, the very young, and the elderly were at increased risk.
- Escherichia coli (70%) was the most common pathogen, followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (7%) and Enterococcus species (6%).
- Antimicrobial resistance rates varied: trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (14%), cefazolin (8%), nitrofurantoin (7%), ciprofloxacin (6%), gentamicin (4%), and ceftriaxone (2%).
Conclusions:
- This study offers novel epidemiological insights into community-onset UTIs in a non-selected Canadian population.
- The occurrence, etiology, and antimicrobial resistance patterns of community-onset UTIs differ significantly among various population groups.
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