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Pertussis in adolescents.

Alexander K C Leung1, William Lane M Robson, H Dele Davies

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital, The Children's Clinic Calgary, Alberta, Canada. aleung@ucalgary.ca

Advances in Therapy
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
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Pertussis, a highly contagious respiratory illness, is resurging due to waning immunity, particularly in adolescents and adults. Booster vaccinations are crucial for controlling pertussis outbreaks and protecting public health.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Immunology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly communicable respiratory infection caused by Bordetella pertussis.
  • Despite widespread vaccination, pertussis has seen a significant resurgence in recent decades, primarily affecting adolescents and adults.
  • Waning immunity is a key factor contributing to this resurgence, leading to underdiagnosis due to atypical symptoms like persistent cough.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To summarize the current understanding of pertussis epidemiology, diagnosis, and management.
  • To highlight the importance of adolescent and adult vaccination for pertussis control.
  • To review available acellular pertussis vaccines for older age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Review of epidemiological data on pertussis resurgence.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Discussion of diagnostic methods including culture, PCR, and serology.
  • Analysis of treatment recommendations and vaccination strategies.

    • Main Results:

    • Pertussis cases are increasing, especially in adolescents and adults, with waning immunity playing a significant role.
    • Pneumonia is the most common complication; diagnosis can be challenging due to atypical presentations.
    • Macrolide antibiotics are recommended for treatment and prophylaxis in close contacts.

    Conclusions:

    • Universal immunization, including infant primary series and adult booster doses, is essential for pertussis control.
    • Adolescent and adult pertussis vaccines (e.g., Adacel, Boostrix) are safe and effective.
    • Routine vaccination of adolescents and adults is necessary to achieve optimal control of pertussis.