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Glycodelin: a molecule with multi-functions on spermatozoa.

William S B Yeung¹, Kai-Fai Lee, Riitta Koistinen

¹Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China. wsbyeung@hkucc.hku.hk

Society of Reproduction and Fertility Supplement

|June 15, 2007

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Glycodelin isoforms (glycodelin-S, -A, and -F) sequentially regulate sperm function, from maintaining an uncapacitated state to inhibiting fertilization, ultimately aiding successful reproduction.

Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Glycobiology
Immunology

Background:

Glycodelin is a glycoprotein existing in three isoforms: glycodelin-S, glycodelin-A, and glycodelin-F.
These isoforms possess similar protein cores but distinct glycan side chains, influencing their biological roles.

Purpose of the Study:

To elucidate the sequential roles of glycodelin isoforms in modulating sperm function during fertilization.
To understand the impact of glycodelin isoforms on sperm capacitation, immune evasion, and interaction with the oocyte.

Main Methods:

The study reviews existing data on glycodelin isoform interactions with spermatozoa at different reproductive tract locations.
Analysis of glycodelin's effects on sperm cholesterol levels, capacitation status, and binding to the zona pellucida.

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Main Results:

Glycodelin-S in seminal plasma maintains sperm in an uncapacitated state, facilitating entry into the cervix.
Glycodelin-A and -F in the fallopian tube and follicular fluid inhibit sperm-zona pellucida binding and suppress the acrosome reaction.
Glycodelin-A exhibits immunosuppressive activity, potentially protecting sperm from maternal immune responses.

Conclusions:

Different glycodelin isoforms act sequentially to control critical aspects of sperm function.
These modulations by glycodelin isoforms are essential for successful fertilization and reproductive outcomes.