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Regression Toward the Mean01:52

Regression Toward the Mean

Regression toward the mean (“RTM”) is a phenomenon in which extremely high or low values—for example, and individual’s blood pressure at a particular moment—appear closer to a group’s average upon remeasuring. Although this statistical peculiarity is the result of random error and chance, it has been problematic across various medical, scientific, financial and psychological applications. In particular, RTM, if not taken into account, can interfere when researchers try to extrapolate results...
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Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Distribution

Drug distribution in the pediatric population exhibits unique challenges and considerations due to the physiological differences between children, particularly neonates and infants, and adults. A crucial aspect of pediatric pharmacology is understanding how these differences impact the pharmacokinetics of various drugs, necessitating age-specific dosing strategies to ensure efficacy and safety.Neonates and infants have a higher total body water content, ~75%–90% of their body weight, compared...
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Teratogenicity01:07

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Very-low-birthweight neonates: do outcomes differ in multiple compared with singleton gestations?

Edward J Hayes1, David Paul, Amen Ness

  • 1Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Thomas Jefferson University, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

American Journal of Perinatology
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Very-low-birthweight (VLBW) multiples face higher risks of death and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) compared to singletons. This finding highlights potential disparities in neonatal intensive care unit outcomes for multiple gestations.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale
19:15

Assessment and Evaluation of the High Risk Neonate: The NICU Network Neurobehavioral Scale

Published on: August 25, 2014

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Perinatology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Multiple gestations are associated with increased risks for adverse neonatal outcomes.
  • Very-low-birthweight (VLBW) neonates require specialized intensive care, and outcomes can vary based on gestational factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate differences in outcomes for very-low-birthweight (VLBW) neonates born from multiple versus singleton gestations.
  • To identify specific adverse outcomes, including necrotizing enterocolitis, death, and severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), in VLBW infants.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective cohort study of VLBW neonates (<1500 g) admitted to a neonatal intensive care unit between 1993 and 2004.
  • Comparison of outcomes between multiple births (n=465) and singleton births (n=1304).
  • Statistical analysis using univariate and multivariate methods to adjust for confounding factors.

Main Results:

  • While gestational age and birthweight were similar, significant differences were observed in race, maternal age, birth location, antenatal steroid use, preeclampsia, and preterm labor between multiples and singletons.
  • After adjusting for confounding variables, VLBW multiples had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of death and/or severe intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) (OR 1.4; 95% CI 1.03-1.95).

Conclusions:

  • VLBW neonates from multiple gestations are at an elevated risk for death and/or severe IVH compared to their singleton counterparts.
  • These findings underscore the need for targeted interventions and closer monitoring of VLBW infants from multiple births.