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Related Experiment Videos

Gender-specific selection on codon usage in plant genomes.

Carrie-Ann Whittle1, Meghna R Malik, Joan E Krochko

  • 1Plant Biotechnology Institute, National Research Council of Canada, Saskatoon, SK, Canada. carrie-ann.whittle@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca

BMC Genomics
|June 15, 2007
PubMed
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Plant gene expression shows a gender-specific bias in synonymous codon usage, with female-expressed genes exhibiting greater bias than male-expressed genes. This bias is linked to translational selection, not gene function or mutation rates.

Area of Science:

  • Plant molecular biology
  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary biology

Background:

  • Limited data exists on gender-specific gene expression's impact on synonymous codon usage (translational selection) in plants.
  • This study investigates codon usage bias in gender-specific gene expression in maize and wheat.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine if gender-specific gene expression is associated with selection on codon usage in plants.
  • To compare codon usage bias between female- and male-expressed genes.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gender-specific expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries from Zea mays and Triticum aestivum (>4000 ESTs).
  • Assessment of GC content at third codon positions and frequency of species-preferred codons.
  • Supplemental analysis in Brassica napus.

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Main Results:

  • Genes expressed in female organs/gametes show a greater codon usage bias than those in male organs/gametes.
  • Highly expressed genes exhibit greater codon bias than lowly expressed genes in both sexes.
  • Female-specific genes display higher usage of preferred codons for most amino acids.

Conclusions:

  • A significant gender-specific bias in codon usage exists in plants, driven by translational selection.
  • This bias is independent of gene function or protein length and not due to mutational bias.
  • Findings suggest translational selection plays a role in gender-specific gene expression in plants.