Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

Development of the Sexual Organs in the Embryo and Fetus

Development of the reproductive organs in an embryo starts from a bipotential state. This means the early embryo can develop either male or female reproductive organs. The formation of these organs begins with the growth of gonadal ridges that arise from the intermediate mesoderm during the fifth week of development.
Near the gonadal ridges, two duct systems are present: the mesonephric ducts (Wolffian ducts) and paramesonephric ducts (Müllerian ducts). These ducts form the basis for the male...

The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes

The Ratio of X Chromosome to Autosomes

In most organisms, sex is determined by the ratio of X and Y chromosomes. However, in some organisms, such as Drosophila and C.elegans, sex is determined by the ratio of the number of X chromosomes to the number of sets of autosomes. The Y chromosome in Drosophila is active but does not determine sex. It contains genes responsible for the production of sperms in adult flies.
Normal male Drosophila has a ratio of one X chromosome to two sets of autosomes. In contrast, normal female Drosophila...

Dosage Compensation

Dosage Compensation

In animals, gender is determined by the number and type of sex chromosome. For example, human females have two X chromosomes, and males have one X and one Y chromosome, whereas C.elegans with one X chromosome is a male, and the one with two X chromosomes is a hermaphrodite.
In addition to sexual development, the X chromosome has genes involved in autosomal functions such as brain development and the immune system. Therefore, males and females with distinct numbers of X chromosomes will have...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Dihydroberberine regulates the ferroptosis-autophagy positive feedback loop in colorectal cancer by targeting PANX2.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2026

Same author

Ethanol extract of Polygonum perfoliatum L. alleviates inflammation and ferroptosis in ulcerative colitis.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2025

Same author

Effect of Antihypertensive Losartan on Ca<sup>2+</sup> Mobilization in the Aorta of Middle-Aged Spontaneously Hypertensive Female Rats.

Journal of cardiovascular development and disease·2025

Same author

Development of a Sex-Specific Marker for the Chinese Hooksnout Carp <i>Opsariichthys bidens</i> Günther, 1873 Based on Whole-Genome Resequencing and Bulked Segregant Analysis.

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI·2025

Same author

Ethanol extract of Periploca forrestii Schltr. and chlorogenic acid alleviate ischemic stroke by inhibiting TLR4-mediated neuroinflammation.

Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology·2025

Same author

Spatial relationship between histological staining intensity and corneal stiffness variations: Insights from AFM indentation in infant African green monkeys.

Journal of the mechanical behavior of biomedical materials·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Transillumination-Assisted Dissection of Specific Stages of the Mouse Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle for Downstream Immunostaining Analyses

Transillumination-Assisted Dissection of Specific Stages of the Mouse Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle for Downstream Immunostaining Analyses

Published on: October 7, 2020

Sex-specific differences in mouse DMRT1 expression are both cell type- and stage-dependent during gonad development.

Ning Lei¹, Kaori I Hornbaker, Daren A Rice

¹Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.

Biology of Reproduction

|June 15, 2007

Summary

Doublesex and Mab-3-related transcription factor-1 (DMRT1) shows distinct expression patterns in male and female mouse gonads. DMRT1 is crucial for Sertoli cell differentiation and spermatogonia maintenance in postnatal testes.

More Related Videos

Isolate Cell-Type-Specific RNAs from Snap-Frozen Heterogeneous Tissue Samples without Cell Sorting

Isolate Cell-Type-Specific RNAs from Snap-Frozen Heterogeneous Tissue Samples without Cell Sorting

Published on: December 8, 2021

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

Published on: October 13, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Transillumination-Assisted Dissection of Specific Stages of the Mouse Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle for Downstream Immunostaining Analyses

Transillumination-Assisted Dissection of Specific Stages of the Mouse Seminiferous Epithelial Cycle for Downstream Immunostaining Analyses

Published on: October 7, 2020

Isolate Cell-Type-Specific RNAs from Snap-Frozen Heterogeneous Tissue Samples without Cell Sorting

Isolate Cell-Type-Specific RNAs from Snap-Frozen Heterogeneous Tissue Samples without Cell Sorting

Published on: December 8, 2021

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

Determination of Reproductive Competence by Confirming Pubertal Onset and Performing a Fertility Assay in Mice and Rats

Published on: October 13, 2018

Area of Science:

Reproductive Biology
Developmental Biology
Molecular Endocrinology

Background:

DMRT1 (Doublesex and Mab-3-related transcription factor-1) is a key transcription factor in gonad development.
Understanding DMRT1's cellular localization is crucial for elucidating its role in sexual differentiation.

Purpose of the Study:

To delineate the cellular expression profile of DMRT1 during mouse gonad development.
To investigate the sexually dimorphic expression of DMRT1 in somatic and germ cells.

Main Methods:

Immunohistochemistry using GCNA1 (germ cell-specific protein) and DMRT1 antibodies.
Analysis of gonad development from 10.5 days postcoitus (dpc) through postnatal stages.
Colocalization studies with proliferation (KI67, PCNA) and stem cell (OCT4, NGN3) markers.

Main Results:

DMRT1 expression is initially similar in both sexes but becomes sexually dimorphic by 12.5 dpc.
In males, DMRT1 is abundant in Sertoli cells and testicular cords; in females, it is lower and diffuse.
Postnatally, DMRT1 is restricted to spermatogonia in testes, co-localizing with proliferation and stem cell markers.

Conclusions:

DMRT1 exhibits opposing roles in testicular somatic and germ cells.
DMRT1 correlates with Sertoli cell differentiation and spermatogonia expansion/maintenance.