Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 27, 2026
14:39
Bronchial Thermoplasty: A Novel Therapeutic Approach to Severe Asthma
Published on: November 5, 2010
[Acute bronchiolitis, an updated review]
Werther Brunow de Carvalho1, Cíntia Johnston, Marcelo Cunio Fonseca
1Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São PauloSão Paulo, SP.
Revista Da Associacao Medica Brasileira (1992)
|June 15, 2007
Summary
Acute bronchiolitis, primarily caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), frequently hospitalizes children. While most children recover, certain high-risk groups face increased risks, and definitive treatments remain elusive.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Virology
- Infectious Diseases
Context:
- Acute bronchiolitis (AB) is a common pediatric hospitalization cause, particularly during fall and winter.
- Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the primary etiological agent.
- High-risk pediatric populations (e.g., premature infants, those with chronic conditions) face elevated morbidity and mortality.
Purpose:
- To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, treatment, and prophylaxis of acute bronchiolitis.
- To highlight the challenges in definitive treatment and the importance of supportive care.
- To underscore the generally favorable prognosis for most children while acknowledging prolonged recovery in some.
Summary:
- RSV infection leads to inflammation and airway obstruction in children, causing symptoms like wheezing and gas exchange imbalance.
- Current management involves supportive care, including oxygen therapy and hydration, with limited definitive treatment options.
- Prophylaxis with monoclonal antibodies is available, and most children recover without long-term sequelae, though recovery duration varies.
Impact:
- Informs healthcare providers about the clinical course and management strategies for acute bronchiolitis.
- Emphasizes the need for continued research into effective treatments for RSV-induced AB.
- Guides public health awareness regarding seasonal respiratory infections in children.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
01:20Asthma: Pathogenesis and Management
Asthma is a chronic pulmonary condition involving inflammation of the airways, hyper-reactivity, and reversible obstruction of the airways. This condition can significantly impact a person's quality of life, making breathing difficult and leading to distressing symptoms.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
Asthma is classified as allergic and non-allergic. Allergens such as dust mites, pollen, and pet dander trigger allergic asthma, while factors like cold air, intense emotions, or exercise can induce non-allergic asthma.
01:26COPD: Management Using Bronchodilators and Corticosteroids
Chronic obstructive pulmonary isease (COPD) involves a group of progressive lung disorders characterized by persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Asthma-COPD Overlap Syndrome (ACOS), encompassing features of both asthma and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), is a group of progressive lung disorders that includes chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and refractory (non-reversible) asthma. ACOS leads to complex clinical presentations that combine the inflammatory...
01:23The Bronchial Tree
The human bronchi and bronchial tree play a crucial role in the respiratory system, facilitating the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Let's delve into the intricate structure and functions of these respiratory components.
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi. At a point called the carina, it bifurcates into two primary bronchi. The right primary bronchus is wider, shorter, and more vertical than the left primary...
01:17Pulmonary Cycle: Exhalation
In terms of human respiration, the act of expelling air, known as exhalation (or expiration), operates on the principle of pressure gradients. During expiration, the pressure within the lungs exceeds that of the surrounding atmosphere. Under normal conditions, quiet breathing involves passive exhalation and is free of muscular contractions. This is because the exhalation process is driven by the natural elastic recoil of the lungs and chest wall, both of which have an inherent tendency to...
01:28Asthma I: Introduction
Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the airways characterized by variable airflow obstruction and heightened bronchial responsiveness to a wide range of triggers. The underlying inflammation leads to airway swelling, mucus hypersecretion, and smooth muscle constriction, all of which narrow the airway lumen and impede airflow. Clinically, asthma presents with recurrent episodes of wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, and coughing, symptoms that typically vary in intensity and...
01:24Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features
Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...