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Plasticity

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Related Experiment Video

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Standardized Induction and Assessment of Long-term Potentiation-like Cortical Plasticity Using Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation

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The effect of coordination mode on use-dependent plasticity.

Suzanne J Ackerley¹, Cathy M Stinear, Winston D Byblow

¹Movement Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.

Clinical Neurophysiology : Official Journal of the International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology

|June 16, 2007

Summary

Use-dependent plasticity (UDP) in the primary motor cortex (M1) can be induced with or without changes in corticomotor excitability. Synchronized motor practice may enhance UDP and excitability, beneficial for stroke patients.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Neuroplasticity

Background:

Use-dependent plasticity (UDP) is a key mechanism for motor learning and adaptation in the primary motor cortex (M1).
The influence of coordination mode during motor practice on UDP generation and associated changes in corticomotor excitability remains incompletely understood.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of synchronized versus syncopated motor practice on the induction of UDP in M1.
To examine the impact of different coordination modes on corticomotor excitability.

Main Methods:

Ten healthy volunteers participated in two sessions of brisk repetitive thumb movements for 30 minutes.
Motor practice was either synchronized or syncopated with a 1 Hz auditory metronome.
Corticomotor excitability was assessed using motor evoked potentials (MEPs) recorded from intrinsic thumb muscles before and after practice.

Main Results:

Both synchronized and syncopated motor practice successfully induced UDP, shifting TMS-evoked thumb movements towards the trained direction.
MEP amplitude significantly increased after synchronized practice but not after syncopated practice.
The observed changes in movement direction and corticomotor excitability persisted for at least 30 minutes post-practice.

Conclusions:

UDP can be effectively elicited irrespective of concurrent changes in corticomotor excitability.
Synchronized motor practice shows potential for enhancing both UDP and corticomotor excitability, which could be therapeutically relevant for conditions like stroke.
Syncopated motor practice may induce UDP without altering corticomotor excitability, offering a potential strategy for individuals with maladaptive plasticity.