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A case of Moniliformis moniliformis (Acanthocephala) infection in Iran

Fariba Berenji1, Abdolmajid Fata, Zahra Hosseininejad

  • 1Department of Parasitology and Mycology, Emam Reza Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran. fberenji@yahoo.com

The Korean Journal of Parasitology
|June 16, 2007
PubMed

Insights

A rare human infection with Moniliformis moniliformis, a type of Acanthocephala, was documented in a child in Iran. Prompt treatment with levamisole led to symptom reduction, highlighting a third reported case in the region.

Area of Science:

  • Medical Parasitology
  • Zoonotic Diseases

Background:

  • Acanthocephala infections in humans are infrequent, with Moniliformis moniliformis being the most globally prevalent species.
  • This report details a rare human case of M. moniliformis infection, contributing to the limited global literature.

Observation:

  • A 2-year-old girl in Iran presented with gastrointestinal distress and facial edema.
  • The patient exhibited a history of geophagia (eating dirt) and potential exposure to intermediate hosts like cockroaches.
  • A partial female M. moniliformis worm, measuring 148 mm, was recovered from the patient's stool.

Findings:

  • Morphological analysis of the worm, particularly the proboscis receptacle and trunk shape, confirmed the species as Moniliformis moniliformis.
  • Despite the absence of eggs in stool examination, the clinical presentation and worm recovery confirmed the infection.
  • The patient responded positively to levamisole treatment, with significant symptom improvement within two weeks.

Implications:

  • This case represents the third documented instance of M. moniliformis infection in Iran, underscoring the need for increased surveillance.
  • The findings highlight potential risk factors, such as geophagia and exposure to arthropods, in the transmission of Acanthocephala to humans.
  • Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial for managing human Acanthocephala infections, even in rare cases.

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