Primary liver cancer associated with long-term oestrogen therapy

A woman with primary liver cancer after nine years therapy with polyestradiol-phosphate is reported. The oestrogen was administered monthy by intramuscular injection for menopausal symptoms. This case suggests a possible association between long-term oestrogen therapy and the development of hepatic malignancy and also must direct attention to both hormone components in the evaluation of tumour development in users or oral contraceptives.