Psychiatric aspects of epileptic children and adolescents

Epilepsy is the most prevalent neurological disorder of childhood and adolescence and a very heterogenous disease with a diverse course of illness. It may be a benign disease for the majority of children and adolescents, who recover spontaneously or are managed well medically; however, a sizeable group of children and adolescents with epilepsy, at least one-third, do manifest various difficulties--seizure control, academic, emotional, behavioral, and family problems. As a group, they have a much higher rate of psychiatric disorder than healthy children and children with other chronic illnesses. This review is undertaken to summarize the literature on epilepsy in children and adolescents, especially with respect to epidemiology, developmental and psychiatric problems, and psychiatric treatment issues.