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Related Concept Videos

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease II: Ulcerative Colitis

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the colon characterized by continuous mucosal inflammation that typically begins in the rectum and extends proximally in a uniform pattern. Its pathogenesis involves a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, immune dysregulation, and environmental influences. These factors converge to impair the colon’s epithelial defenses and promote an exaggerated inflammatory response against luminal contents.Breakdown of the Mucosal BarrierA...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:20

Inflammatory Bowel Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) encompasses two major chronic disorders—ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease—each characterized by relapsing episodes of gastrointestinal inflammation. Although they share certain clinical features, their patterns of involvement and manifestations differ in ways that aid diagnosis and guide management.Ulcerative ColitisUlcerative colitis is limited to the colon and rectum and involves continuous inflammation of the mucosal layer. The disease course is marked...
Irritable Bowel Syndrome01:23

Irritable Bowel Syndrome

DefinitionIrritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by recurrent combinations of abdominal pain, bloating, diarrhea, or constipation.Pathophysiology of irritable bowel syndromeIts pathophysiology is multifactorial, involving disturbances in motility, sensory processing, microbial balance, barrier integrity, and gut–brain communication. These mechanisms interact to produce symptoms that vary across IBS subtypes.Altered Motility PatternsDisordered...
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD01:29

Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD

Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide generation. 
Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis01:27

Inflammatory Bowel Disease I: Ulcerative Colitis

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Inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, encompasses a group of disorders characterized by chronic inflammation or ulceration of the gastrointestinal tract.
Risk Factors
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Inflammatory Bowel Disease III: Crohn's Disease

Crohn’s disease is a chronic, relapsing form of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by segmental, transmural inflammation that can affect any part of the gastrointestinal tract. Its pathogenesis arises from a combination of genetic susceptibility, environmental exposures, epithelial barrier dysfunction, and immune dysregulation. Together, these factors lead to an exaggerated immune response against components of the gut microbiome.Genetic and Environmental InfluencesMultiple genetic...

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A TNBS-Induced Rodent Model to Study the Pathogenic Role of Mechanical Stress in Crohn's Disease
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Sympathetic hyperactivity in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Simona Maule1, Giulia Pierangeli, Sabina Cevoli

  • 1Autonomic Unit, S. Vito Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.

Clinical Autonomic Research : Official Journal of the Clinical Autonomic Research Society
|June 19, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Chronic ulcerative colitis (UC) patients exhibit increased sympathetic nervous system activity at rest compared to healthy individuals. Autonomic responses during testing were similar, but resting heart rate variability indicated a heightened sympathetic tone in UC.

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

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Published on: March 1, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Autonomic Neuroscience
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, including hypoactivity and hyperactivity, is linked to chronic inflammatory bowel diseases.
  • Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease affecting the colon, with potential links to autonomic dysregulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate autonomic function in patients with chronic ulcerative colitis (UC).
  • To compare autonomic responses and heart rate variability (HRV) at rest between UC patients and healthy controls.

Main Methods:

  • Evaluated 11 patients with chronic UC and 17 healthy controls.
  • Utilized cardiovascular autonomic tests and heart rate variability (HRV) analysis.
  • Assessed autonomic responses during specific tests and at rest.

Main Results:

  • Cardiovascular autonomic tests showed normal autonomic responses in both UC patients and healthy controls.
  • At rest, the LF/HF ratio, an indicator of sympathetic to parasympathetic balance, was significantly higher in UC patients (2.4 ± 1.6) compared to controls (1.2 ± 1.0; P < 0.05).
  • This suggests a predominant sympathetic tone at rest in individuals with chronic UC.

Conclusions:

  • Patients with chronic ulcerative colitis demonstrate a higher sympathetic tone at rest.
  • While autonomic responses to stimuli are comparable, resting autonomic balance is altered in UC.
  • These findings highlight potential autonomic dysregulation in the pathophysiology of chronic UC.