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Nickel release from nickel particles in artificial sweat.
Klara Midander1, Jinshan Pan, Inger Odnevall Wallinder
1Division of Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, Drottning Kristinas väg 51, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden. klarami@kth.se
This study quantifies nickel release from fine nickel particles in artificial sweat, crucial for assessing occupational risks. Nickel release increased with loading, with peak rates at medium loadings, but overall release remained low.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Toxicology
- Occupational Health
Background:
- Nickel is prevalent in consumer products, and its release can cause allergic contact dermatitis.
- Limited data exists on nickel release from small particles in artificial sweat, hindering occupational risk assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine nickel release from fine nickel powder in artificial sweat.
- To assess the influence of particle loading on nickel release rates.
- To provide data for evaluating risks to workers in nickel-related industries.
Main Methods:
- Fine nickel powder (approx. 4 microm diameter) was immersed in artificial sweat.
- Nickel release was measured at various loadings (0.1–5 mg/cm²).
- Release rates were analyzed over time and influenced by particle characteristics.
Main Results:
- Nickel release increased with higher particle loadings.
- The highest release rate per surface area was observed at 1 mg/cm² loading.
- Release rates stabilized after 12 hours, with less than 0.5% of nickel released.
Conclusions:
- Nickel release from fine particles is dependent on loading, surface properties, and particle size.
- Overall nickel release in artificial sweat is relatively low under tested conditions.
- Findings contribute to understanding occupational exposure risks in nickel handling.
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