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Cochlear function in chronic kidney disease and renal transplantation: a longitudinal study
K S Bains1, H Chopra, J S Sandhu
1Department of Nephrology, Dayanand Medical College, 1101/1 Tagore Nagar, Ludhiana, Punjab 141001, India.
Transplantation Proceedings
|June 21, 2007
Summary
Chronic kidney disease patients experience significant hearing loss and auditory pathway dysfunction. Renal transplantation shows some improvement in hearing and auditory nerve function.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Audiology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with hearing loss, but data in renal transplant recipients are limited.
- Auditory dysfunction, including sensorineural hearing loss and brainstem auditory pathway abnormalities, is prevalent in CKD patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate cochlear and auditory pathway function in CKD patients using pure-tone and brainstem-evoked response audiometry.
- To assess changes in hearing and auditory function one year after renal transplantation in CKD patients.
Main Methods:
- Audiometric evaluation (pure-tone and brainstem-evoked response audiometry) was performed on 40 CKD patients (stages 3-5) and 20 healthy controls.
- CKD patients with stage 5 were re-evaluated one year post-renal transplantation.
- Exclusion criteria included known causes of hearing loss.
Main Results:
- CKD patients exhibited significant bilateral sensorineural hearing loss across all tested frequencies compared to controls, more pronounced at higher frequencies.
- Brainstem-evoked response audiometry revealed significant delays in wave and interpeak latencies in CKD patients.
- Renal allograft recipients demonstrated significant improvement in absolute wave latencies post-transplantation compared to pre-transplant values.
Conclusions:
- CKD patients present with distinct audiologic dysfunction, including sensorineural hearing loss and brainstem auditory pathway abnormalities.
- Successful renal transplantation can lead to partial recovery of hearing function and improvement in auditory pathway latency delays.
- Hearing loss affects a substantial percentage of CKD patients across different stages.
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