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Related Concept Videos

Operons02:09

Operons

Prokaryotes can control gene expression through operons—DNA sequences consisting of regulatory elements and clustered, functionally related protein-coding genes. Operons use a single promoter sequence to initiate transcription of a gene cluster (i.e., a group of structural genes) into a single mRNA molecule. The terminator sequence ends transcription. An operator sequence, located between the promoter and structural genes, prohibits the operon’s transcriptional activity if bound by a repressor...
Operons02:09

Operons

Prokaryotes can control gene expression through operons—DNA sequences consisting of regulatory elements and clustered, functionally related protein-coding genes. Operons use a single promoter sequence to initiate transcription of a gene cluster (i.e., a group of structural genes) into a single mRNA molecule. The terminator sequence ends transcription. An operator sequence, located between the promoter and structural genes, prohibits the operon’s transcriptional activity if bound by a repressor...
Inducible Operons: lac Operon01:25

Inducible Operons: lac Operon

The lac operon in Escherichia coli is a model for understanding inducible gene regulation and metabolic flexibility. It integrates local control by lactose and global regulation through catabolite repression, enabling E. coli to preferentially metabolize glucose when available and switch to lactose utilization when glucose is scarce.Structure and Function of the lac OperonThe lac operon contains three structural genes: lacZ (β-galactosidase), lacY (lactose permease), and lacA (thiogalactoside...
Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors

The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...
Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors01:58

Prokaryotic Transcriptional Activators and Repressors

The organization of prokaryotic genes in their genome is notably different from that of eukaryotes. Prokaryotic genes are organized, such that the genes for proteins involved in the same biochemical process or function are located together in groups. This group of genes, along with their regulatory elements, are collectively known as an operon. The functional genes in an operon are transcribed together to give a single strand of mRNA known as polycistronic mRNA.
Transcription of prokaryotic...
Operon Model01:23

Operon Model

The operon model represents a fundamental mechanism of gene regulation in prokaryotes, enabling coordinated expression of genes involved in related metabolic or functional pathways. Operons consist of structural genes, a promoter, and an operator, with transcription regulated by repressors, activators, and small effector molecules.Structure and Function of OperonsAn operon is a cluster of structural genes transcribed together under the control of a single promoter. The promoter region...

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Single-Copy Gene Locus Chromatin Purification in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
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SaPI operon I is required for SaPI packaging and is controlled by LexA.

Carles Ubeda1, Elisa Maiques, Maria Angeles Tormo

  • 1Centro de Investigación y Tecnología Animal, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (CITA-IVIA), Apdo. 187, 12.400 Segorbe, Castellón, Spain.

Molecular Microbiology
|June 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) transfer is controlled by the LexA repressor. SaPIbov1 operon I, essential for SaPI transfer, is SOS-induced and regulated by LexA binding sites.

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity islands (SaPIs) are mobile genetic elements that contribute to bacterial virulence.
  • The transfer and replication of SaPIs are tightly regulated by host cell factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the cellular repressor LexA in the regulation of SaPIbov1 transcription and transfer.
  • To elucidate the function of SaPIbov1 operon I in SaPI replication and packaging.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of LexA binding sites in the SaPIbov1 promoter region.
  • Site-directed mutagenesis of LexA binding sites and SaPIbov1 genes.
  • Assays to measure SaPIbov1 expression, replication, and particle formation.

Main Results:

  • LexA represses the transcription of SaPIbov1 operon I, indicating it is SOS-inducible.
  • Two LexA binding sites (Cheo boxes) in the SaPIbov1 5' region are crucial for LexA-mediated repression.
  • Mutations in SaPIbov1 operon I genes affect SaPI packaging, leading to encapsulation in phage heads instead of SaPI capsids.

Conclusions:

  • LexA directly controls SaPIbov1 transcription and is essential for SaPI transfer.
  • SaPIbov1 operon I plays a critical role in the assembly of SaPI capsids and is required for SaPI transfer.
  • SaPIbov1 genes can be packaged into larger phage heads, suggesting a mechanism for genome packaging plasticity.