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An Image Guided Transapical Mitral Valve Leaflet Puncture Model of Controlled Volume Overload from Mitral Regurgitation in the Rat
Published on: May 19, 2020
Fluid-structure interaction models of the mitral valve: function in normal and pathological states.
K S Kunzelman1, D R Einstein, R P Cochran
1Central Maine Medical Center, 60 High Street, Lewiston, ME 04210, USA. kunzelka@cmhc.org
Summary
This study introduces a 3D computational model of the mitral valve, incorporating fluid dynamics. It reveals how preserving leaflet anisotropy is crucial for normal mitral valve function and repair simulation.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular Research
- Biomedical Engineering
- Computational Biology
Background:
- Mitral valve repair success relies on understanding its complex anatomy and function.
- Computational models aid in analyzing component roles and surgical repair strategies.
- Previous models lacked fluid flow analysis, a critical aspect of valve dynamics.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a 3D finite element computer model of the mitral valve, integrating fluid-structure interaction.
- To analyze normal mitral valve function and the impact of pathological changes on its mechanics.
- To provide a computational framework for simulating mitral valve repair and non-invasive diagnostics.
Main Methods:
- Developed a novel three-dimensional finite element computer model of the mitral valve, including leaflets and chordae tendineae.
- Incorporated fluid-structure interaction to simulate blood flow dynamics coupled with valve mechanics.
- Assessed normal function and pathological changes (collagen fraction, stiffness, splay) affecting valve tissue.
Main Results:
- Model predictions for normal valve function showed strong agreement with existing in vivo and in vitro data.
- Pathological changes preserving leaflet anisotropy maintained valve function.
- Alterations in leaflet anisotropy significantly disrupted normal valve function.
- Simulated transmitral flow, leaflet closure time, and heart valve sounds.
Conclusions:
- The integration of blood flow and microstructural descriptions significantly advances computational mitral valve studies.
- Preserving the anisotropic nature of mitral valve tissue is vital for maintaining normal function.
- This computational framework provides a basis for simulating surgical repairs and developing non-invasive diagnostic tools for mitral valve disease.
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