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Related Experiment Video

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Cost-effective Method for Microbial Source Tracking Using Specific Human and Animal Viruses
11:29

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Published on: December 3, 2011

Microbial source tracking in a rural watershed dominated by cattle.

A K Graves1, C Hagedorn, A Brooks

  • 1Department of Soil Science, North Carolina State University, Campus Box 7619, Raleigh, NC 27695-7619, USA. alexandria.graves@ncsu.edu

Water Research
|June 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Antibiotic resistance analysis (ARA) in a Virginia watershed revealed cattle as the primary source of fecal pollution, impacting water quality year-round. Sampling frequency and seasonality did not affect these microbial source tracking results.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental microbiology
  • Water quality assessment
  • Antimicrobial resistance

Background:

  • Rural watersheds can experience significant fecal pollution from livestock.
  • Assessing the sources of this pollution is crucial for effective water management.
  • Antibiotic resistance analysis (ARA) offers a method for microbial source tracking (MST).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of ARA for MST in a cattle-dominated watershed.
  • To determine the impact of sampling frequency and seasonality on MST results.
  • To identify the primary sources of fecal coliform pollution in Mill Creek, Virginia.

Main Methods:

  • Monthly monitoring of fecal coliforms and targeted stream sampling during high and low flow periods.
  • Development of a host-origin library using ARA on known bacterial isolates.
  • Classification of Escherichia coli isolates from water samples using the ARA library.

Main Results:

  • Cattle were identified as the dominant source of pollution, contributing to over 60% of water samples.
  • Recreational water quality standards for fecal coliforms were frequently exceeded, particularly during low flow.
  • Sampling frequency and seasonality did not influence the identification of cattle as the major pollution source.

Conclusions:

  • ARA is a reliable method for identifying fecal pollution sources in well-defined watersheds.
  • Cattle significantly impact water quality in the Mill Creek watershed, irrespective of sampling strategy.
  • Further investigation is needed to determine the origin of unexpected human fecal contributions.