Estrus induction and synchronization in canids and felids

Area of Science:

• Veterinary Medicine
• Reproductive Biology
• Animal Science

Background:

• Estrus induction is crucial for managing reproductive cycles in domestic and wild canids and felids.
• Indications include missed breeding opportunities, conception failure, anestrus, out-of-season breeding, and ovulation synchronization for embryo transfer.
• Various pharmacological agents have been reported for estrus induction, with differing efficacies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize published methods for estrus induction in canids and felids.
• To evaluate the efficacy and clinical applicability of different estrus induction protocols.
• To provide an update on research utilizing a long-acting injectable deslorelin preparation in bitches.

Main Methods:

• Comprehensive literature review of published reports on estrus induction in dogs and cats.
• Analysis of various pharmacological agents: synthetic estrogens, dopamine agonists, GnRH agonists, exogenous gonadotropins, and opiate antagonists.
• Focus on efficacy, fertility rates, and clinical applicability of reported methods, including a specific long-acting deslorelin preparation.

Main Results:

• Reported methods for estrus induction vary significantly in their success rates for inducing estrus and subsequent fertility.
• The clinical applicability of some traditional methods remains questionable due to inconsistent outcomes.
• Emerging research highlights the potential of long-acting injectable deslorelin for estrus induction in bitches.

Conclusions:

• Estrus induction in canids and felids encompasses diverse indications and employs a range of pharmacological approaches.
• Careful consideration of method efficacy, fertility, and clinical practicality is essential for successful application.
• Long-acting injectable deslorelin shows promise as an effective option for estrus induction in bitches, warranting further investigation.