Spinal muscular atrophy: position and functional importance of the branch site preceding SMN exon 7

In spinal muscular atrophy, the SMN1 gene is deleted or destroyed by mutation, while the neigboring, nearly identical SMN2 gene acts as a partial functional substitute. However, due to a single nucleotide exchange, the seventh exon of SMN2 is mostly excluded from the mature mRNA, and the resulting shorter protein is non-functional. Here, we map the previously uncharacterized intron 6 branch point by RT-PCR. Moreover we show that exon 7 inclusion can be either abolished or improved by mutations in this branch site region.