Non-traumatic pulmonary haematoma complicating oral anticoagulation therapy

Several cases of non-traumatic pulmonary haematoma have been reported in the literature. However, very few of them are related to anticoagulation therapy. The authors report two cases of pulmonary haematoma caused by oral anticoagulant therapy without any underlying pathological lesion. The evolution was fatal in the first case, whereas a slow spontaneous resolution of the haematoma was noted in the second. Non-traumatic pulmonary haematoma can be a complication of oral anticoagulation and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary densities in this setting.