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Congenital malformations in primary health care in Al-Qassim region

I S Hegazy1, T H Al-Beyari, A H Al-Amri

  • 1Department of Community Medicine, University of Cairo, Primary Health Care, and Buraidah Mental Health Hospital, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia.

Annals of Saudi Medicine
|January 1, 1995
PubMed

Insights

Congenital malformations (CMs) affect 6.9/1000 individuals, with central nervous system defects being most common. Inheritance appears to be a significant factor in CMs, more so than socioenvironmental influences.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Medical Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Congenital malformations (CMs) represent a significant global health concern.
  • Understanding the prevalence, patterns, and correlates of CMs is crucial for public health initiatives and clinical management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence, sociodemographic correlates, and pattern of congenital malformations (CMs) in a population under 20 years of age.
  • To investigate associations between CMs and various factors including patient demographics, family history, and maternal health.
  • To compare findings with existing literature, particularly Western trends.

Main Methods:

  • A predesigned research study involving an extensive examination of family health files.
  • A door-to-door survey conducted between January 1991 and December 1991.
  • Identification of 1736 patients diagnosed with CMs.

Main Results:

  • The prevalence of CMs was found to be 6.9 per 1000 population, with a male to female ratio of 1.3:1.
  • Significant associations were observed between CMs and patient's age, sibling order, co-morbid disorders, parental age, maternal chronic diseases, and family history.
  • The most common CMs were central nervous system (39.2%), cardiovascular (22.3%), and alimentary (13.1%).

Conclusions:

  • Inheritance is suggested as a more significant etiological factor for congenital malformations compared to socioenvironmental factors, contrasting with some Western trends.
  • The study provides foundational data for future analytical research on congenital malformations.
  • Further investigation into the genetic and environmental interplay in CM etiology is warranted.

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