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Related Concept Videos

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes01:28

Tracheostomy: Procedure and Tubes

A tracheostomy is a surgical procedure that creates an artificial opening into the trachea, typically at the second or third cartilaginous ring level. This opening allows the insertion of a tracheostomy tube, which can replace an endotracheal tube, provide mechanical ventilation, bypass an upper airway obstruction, or remove accumulated tracheobronchial secretions.
Tracheostomy tubes can be made of semiflexible plastic (polyurethane or silicone), rigid plastic, or metal, and they come in...
Trachea01:22

Trachea

The trachea, commonly known as the windpipe, is a vital part of the human respiratory system. It serves as a passageway for air to travel between the larynx and the bronchi, allowing oxygen to reach the lungs. Let's explore its anatomical features, dimensions, layers of the tracheal wall, associated muscles, and the functions of its parts.
Anatomical Features:
Location: About half of the trachea is situated in the neck, anterior to the esophagus, and extends from the larynx (at the level of the...
Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps01:16

Tracheostomy Care I: Pre-procedural Steps

A tracheostomy is a surgical technique that involves making an incision in the neck to provide access to the trachea. It is frequently used in medical conditions such as airway obstruction and prolonged mechanical ventilation. Effective nursing management is crucial for the long-term success of a tracheostomy.
Required Equipment
The equipment necessary for tracheostomy care includes:
Tracheostomy Decannulation01:21

Tracheostomy Decannulation

Tracheostomy decannulation is a significant milestone in the liberation of mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its importance, there is no universally accepted protocol for this procedure. This demands an evidence-based, individualized approach.
Description of the Procedure
Decannulation refers to the permanent removal of the tracheostomy tube, signaling the resolution of the condition that initially necessitated the tracheostomy. The process requires a well-coordinated interplay between...
Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece01:23

Oxygen Delivering System III: Tracheostomy and T-piece

Oxygen delivery is critical in clinical care, especially for patients with respiratory disorders or those undergoing surgical procedures. Various systems, such as tracheostomy and the T-piece, deliver oxygen to the lungs, ensuring adequate arterial oxygenation.
Tracheostomy
A tracheostomy is a surgically created opening (stoma) in the anterior part of the trachea. It is used to establish a patient airway, bypass an upper airway obstruction, simplify the removal of secretions, permit long-term...
Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure01:25

Tracheostomy Care II: Procedure

Tracheostomy care is an essential nursing skill that involves cleaning and maintaining a tracheostomy tube to prevent infection and other complications. Here's a step-by-step guide explaining each procedure with its rationale. Note that disposable gloves are to be worn at all times and changed as often as needed to maintain a sterile work environment, and to protect both patient and healthcare worker.
Step 1: Perform hand hygiene, and put on personal protective equipment: gown, gloves, mask and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Endotracheal Intubation via Tracheotomy and Subsequent Thoracotomy in Rats for Non-Survival Applications
04:43

Endotracheal Intubation via Tracheotomy and Subsequent Thoracotomy in Rats for Non-Survival Applications

Published on: March 15, 2024

Tracheotomy: clinical review and guidelines.

Paul De Leyn1, Lieven Bedert, Marion Delcroix

  • 1Department of Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital Leuven, Belgium. Paul.deleyn@uz.kuleuven.ac.be

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery : Official Journal of the European Association for Cardio-Thoracic Surgery
|June 26, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Guidelines for adult tracheotomy recommend specific cuff management and humidified gases. Early tracheotomy in critically ill patients may reduce ventilation duration and ICU stay, with percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy often preferred.

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Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation
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Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation

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Endotracheal Intubation via Tracheotomy and Subsequent Thoracotomy in Rats for Non-Survival Applications
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Endotracheal Intubation Using a Flexible Intubation Endoscope as a Standardized Model for Safe Airway Management in Swine
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Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation
07:15

Preoxygenation Techniques for Tracheal Intubation in Critically Ill Adults Utilizing Oxygen Mask and Noninvasive Ventilation

Published on: December 5, 2025

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine
  • Surgical Procedures and Patient Outcomes

Background:

  • Tracheotomy is a frequent procedure for adult patients requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • Existing guidelines lacked comprehensive, evidence-based recommendations for tracheotomy procedures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop evidence-based guidelines for tracheotomy in adults requiring mechanical ventilation.
  • To compare surgical tracheotomy (ST) and percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy (PDT) techniques and outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of peer-reviewed literature using American College of Chest Physicians (ACCP) evidence levels.
  • Guidelines developed by a committee from the Belgian Society of Pneumology (BVP-SBP) and Belgian Association for Cardiothoracic Surgery (BACTS).
  • Inclusion of member feedback for guideline refinement.

Main Results:

  • Low-pressure, high-volume cuffs are recommended with regular monitoring.
  • Early tracheotomy (within the first week) in critically ill adults may shorten mechanical ventilation and ICU stay.
  • Percutaneous dilatational tracheotomy (PDT) is as safe as surgical tracheotomy (ST), with lower infection rates, reduced cost, and mortality.

Conclusions:

  • Bronchoscopic guidance is recommended for PDT, with the modified Ciaglia Blue Rhino technique favored for its simplicity and speed.
  • PDT is the preferred method for elective, non-urgent tracheotomies.
  • Timing of tracheotomy should be individualized due to insufficient evidence for strict timing guidelines.