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Related Concept Videos

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell02:21

Cancers Originate from Somatic Mutations in a Single Cell

Cancer arises from mutations in the critical genes that allow healthy cells to escape cell cycle regulation and acquire the ability to proliferate indefinitely. Though originating from a single mutation event in one of the originator cells, cancer progresses when the mutant cell lines continue to gain more and more mutations, and finally, become malignant. For example, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) develops initially as a non-lethal increase in white blood cells, which progressively...
Pleiotropy01:33

Pleiotropy

Pleiotropy is the phenomenon in which a single gene impacts multiple, seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. For example, defects in the SOX10 gene cause Waardenburg Syndrome Type 4, or WS4, which can cause defects in pigmentation, hearing impairments, and an absence of intestinal contractions necessary for elimination. This diversity of phenotypes results from the expression pattern of SOX10 in early embryonic and fetal development. SOX10 is found in neural crest cells that form melanocytes,...
Diverticular Disease of the Colon01:27

Diverticular Disease of the Colon

Diverticular disease involves the formation of diverticula—small sac-like outpouchings of the colonic wall—and their complications. It most commonly affects the sigmoid colon due to higher intraluminal pressure and structural vulnerability. It results from structural weakness and increased pressure in the colon, producing pseudodiverticula that may remain silent or progress to inflammation and serious complications.Structure of DiverticulaIn diverticulosis, these outpouchings are...
Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia01:24

Cellular Adaptation IV: Dysplasia and Metaplasia

DysplasiaDysplasia refers to abnormal changes in the size, shape, and organization of mature cells, characterized by pleomorphism, nuclear abnormalities, and increased mitotic activity. It commonly affects epithelial tissues, including the cervix, gastrointestinal tract, respiratory mucosa, and endometrium. Although it may occur alongside hyperplasia, dysplasia is not a true adaptive response but a preneoplastic change with potential to progress to cancer.When confined above the basement...
Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
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Deficient Pms2, ERCC1, Ku86, CcOI in Field Defects During Progression to Colon Cancer
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Published on: July 28, 2010

Hyperplastic polyposis associated with two asynchronous colon cancers.

Masaya Kurobe1, Kuniko Abe, Naoe Kinoshita

  • 1Department of Pathology, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.

World Journal of Gastroenterology
|June 26, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Hyperplastic polyposis, a precancerous condition, can lead to colon cancer. Careful monitoring of patients with multiple hyperplastic polyps is crucial for early detection of malignant transformation.

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Oncology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Hyperplastic polyposis is a condition characterized by numerous hyperplastic polyps.
  • It is considered a precancerous lesion with a potential for malignant transformation.
  • The traditional pathway to adenocarcinoma involves the hyperplastic polyp-adenoma-carcinoma sequence.

Observation:

  • A patient with hyperplastic polyposis presented with multiple colorectal lesions.
  • These included two asynchronous colon cancers, a combined adenoma-hyperplastic polyp, a serrated adenoma, and tubular adenomas.
  • While often appearing benign, hyperplastic polyps carry an underestimated risk of malignancy.

Findings:

  • The case highlights the association between hyperplastic polyposis and the development of multiple colorectal neoplasms.
  • It underscores the potential for adenocarcinoma to arise from hyperplastic polyposis.
  • The presence of various polyp types, including serrated and tubular adenomas, alongside cancer in this context is noteworthy.

Implications:

  • Early identification and vigilant follow-up of patients with hyperplastic polyposis are essential.
  • This proactive approach aims to detect early-stage malignant transformation.
  • Understanding the neoplastic potential of hyperplastic polyps is critical for risk stratification and management.