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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Dialysis01:27

Dialysis

Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Malaria01:29

Malaria

Malaria pathogenesis in humans reflects a delicate interplay between parasite biology and host response. Clinical illness reflects a host’s immune response to the parasite’s asexual replication cycle, which is often asymptomatic in individuals with partial immunity. From the parasite's perspective, transmission between mosquito and human with minimal host pathology is evolutionarily advantageous. Among the six Plasmodium species infecting humans, P. falciparum and P. vivax dominate in global...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments01:11

Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments

In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Mouse Model of Acute to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition Induced by Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
07:02

Mouse Model of Acute to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition Induced by Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury

Published on: February 10, 2026

Acute renal failure associated with malaria.

Junejo Abdul Manan1, Hassan Ali, Manohar Lal

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi.

Journal of Ayub Medical College, Abbottabad : JAMC
|June 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Acute renal failure (ARF) is a severe complication of malaria. Early intervention with antimalarials and dialysis improves survival in patients with malarial ARF.

Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Tropical Medicine

Background:

  • Malaria presents with diverse clinical symptoms, including acute renal failure (ARF), a potentially fatal complication.
  • This study investigates the clinical features and prognostic factors in patients experiencing malarial ARF.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe the clinical characteristics of patients with acute renal failure due to falciparum malaria.
  • To identify factors associated with adverse outcomes in patients with malarial ARF.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 46 patients with smear-positive malaria and ARF.
  • Data collected from January 2003 to December 2004 at Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi.

Main Results:

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Mouse Model of Acute to Chronic Kidney Disease Transition Induced by Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
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Published on: February 10, 2026

A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion

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  • Falciparum malaria accounted for 19.4% of ARF cases; 76.09% presented with oliguria, and 78.26% required dialysis.
  • Severe malaria manifestations were common; 76.06% recovered, while 23.91% died.
  • Poor prognostic factors included prolonged disease, severe ARF, cerebral malaria, hyperbilirubinemia, and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC).

Conclusions:

  • Falciparum malaria-associated ARF is life-threatening but treatable with early intervention.
  • Prompt antimalarial treatment and dialysis are crucial for improved survival and renal function recovery.
  • Early dialysis is recommended for severe falciparum malaria patients with deteriorating renal function.