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Using Saccadometry with Deep Brain Stimulation to Study Normal and Pathological Brain Function

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Horizontal saccade disconjugacy in strabismic monkeys.

LaiNgor Fu¹, Ronald J Tusa, Michael J Mustari

¹Division of Sensory-Motor Systems, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.

Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science

|June 27, 2007

Summary

Monkeys with sensory strabismus exhibit disconjugate saccadic eye movements, similar to humans. This saccade disconjugacy is influenced by ocular misalignment and orbital position, offering insights into strabismus mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Ophthalmology
Animal Models

Background:

Binocular coordination during saccadic eye movements is impaired in humans with strabismus.
Sensory strabismus, induced by early-life visual experience, affects eye alignment.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the conjugacy of saccadic eye movements in monkeys with experimentally induced sensory strabismus.
To compare saccadic eye movement conjugacy in strabismic monkeys with findings in humans.

Main Methods:

Binocular eye movements were recorded in four strabismic monkeys and one control monkey.
Strabismus was induced via daily alternating monocular occlusion during the first 4-6 months of life.
Horizontal saccades were measured during monocular viewing in 2-3 year old animals.

Main Results:

Strabismic monkeys displayed saccade disconjugacy, where saccade amplitudes differed between the viewing and non-viewing eyes.
The degree of saccade disconjugacy correlated with the severity of ocular misalignment and increased with eccentric orbital positions.
Large saccade disconjugacy was associated with immediate postsaccadic drift in the non-viewing eye.

Conclusions:

Monkeys with sensory strabismus exhibit disconjugate saccadic eye movements, mirroring observations in humans.
Saccade disconjugacy in this model is dependent on ocular misalignment and orbital position.
This sensory-induced strabismus model is valuable for studying the neural and mechanical bases of saccade disconjugacy in human strabismus.