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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response01:27

Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response

Cytotoxic T cells are a vital component of the immune system. They have the remarkable ability to identify and target antigens on infected or abnormal cells. These antigens often originate from intracellular pathogens such as viruses or abnormal proteins cancer cells produce.
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens01:29

Immune Response Against Viral Pathogens

The immune system's response to viral infections is a complex and coordinated process involving natural killer (NK) cells, T cell-mediated responses, and antibody-mediated responses.
NK Cells
NK cells are a crucial part of our innate immune system, acting as the first line of defense against viral infections. These cells can recognize and kill infected cells without prior exposure to the virus, effectively slowing down the spread of infection. Additionally, NK cells produce proinflammatory...
B Cell Activation and Differentiation01:24

B Cell Activation and Differentiation

The adaptive immune response, a sophisticated defense mechanism, relies on the activation and differentiation of B lymphocytes, or B cells. These processes enable our bodies to mount a tailored response against specific pathogens such as bacteria, free virus particles, toxins, and parasites.
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
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A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes

Published on: April 11, 2025

Dendritic cell-regulatory T-cell interactions control self-directed immunity.

Christian Lange1, Michael Dürr, Hong Doster

  • 1Department of General Neurology, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 3, Tübingen, Germany. lange_christian1@yahoo.de

Immunology and Cell Biology
|June 27, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Dendritic cells (DCs) are vital for immune tolerance by presenting self-antigens to T cells, preventing autoimmunity. Recent findings highlight complex DC and regulatory T cell interactions in maintaining this crucial balance.

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Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

A Simple and Efficient Method for Testing Immunomodulatory Agents for Generation of Tolerogenic Dendritic Cells from Human CD14+ Monocytes
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Published on: June 22, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Dendritic cells (DCs) possess immunostimulatory functions but are also key players in maintaining central and peripheral tolerance.
  • Immature DCs continuously process and present self-antigens to T cells, inducing T-cell anergy or deletion in the absence of infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review recent key findings and concepts regarding the mechanisms by which dendritic cells maintain immunological tolerance.
  • To explore the role of dendritic cells in downregulating immune responses.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes recent research findings.
  • It focuses on the interactions between dendritic cell subtypes and regulatory T cells.

Main Results:

  • Dendritic cells employ multiple mechanisms to downregulate immune responses and maintain tolerance.
  • Complex interactions between various dendritic cell subtypes and regulatory T cells are critical for immune homeostasis.

Conclusions:

  • Dendritic cells are essential for establishing and maintaining immunological tolerance through antigen presentation and regulatory interactions.
  • Understanding these DC-mediated tolerance mechanisms is crucial for developing strategies against autoimmune diseases.