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Biomimetic approach to cardiac tissue engineering.

M Radisic1, H Park, S Gerecht

  • 1Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering and Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9.

Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences
|June 28, 2007
PubMed
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This study engineered functional cardiac tissue using a biomimetic approach. Supplementing culture medium with perfluorocarbons (PFCs) and applying electrical stimulation improved tissue development and contractile function.

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Regenerative Medicine
  • Cardiovascular Research

Background:

  • Cardiac tissue engineering aims to create functional myocardium for treating heart disease.
  • Mimicking the native cardiac environment is crucial for successful tissue development.
  • Existing methods face challenges in replicating vascularization and oxygen supply.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a biomimetic culture system for engineering functional cardiac tissue.
  • To investigate the impact of perfluorocarbon (PFC) supplementation and electrical stimulation on cardiac construct development.

Main Methods:

  • Culturing neonatal rat heart cells on a porous elastomer scaffold with channel arrays.
  • Supplementing culture medium with perfluorocarbon (PFC) emulsion to mimic oxygen transport.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Applying electrical signals to induce synchronous contractions and promote tissue organization.

    • Main Results:

    • PFC-supplemented constructs showed increased DNA content and cardiac markers.
    • PFC-treated tissues exhibited significantly improved contractile properties compared to controls.
    • Electrical stimulation led to cell alignment, enhanced contraction amplitude, and improved ultrastructure within 8 days.

    Conclusions:

    • A biomimetic approach using PFCs and electrical stimulation effectively enhances cardiac tissue engineering.
    • This strategy promotes functional and structural development of engineered myocardium.
    • The findings support the potential for engineering human cardiac grafts from stem cells.