Primary malignant teratoma with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor component in thyroid gland: a case report

Area of Science:

• Endocrinology
• Oncology
• Pathology

Background:

• Teratomas are common extragonadal germ cell tumors in children, often benign.
• Malignant teratomas, particularly in adults, are frequently associated with the thyroid gland.

Observation:

• A 31-year-old female presented with a large neck mass.
• Pathological examination confirmed a malignant teratoma with primitive neuroepithelial tissue and immature mesenchymal stroma.
• Imaging (CT and PET scans) showed no signs of metastatic disease.

Findings:

• The patient underwent total thyroidectomy, neck dissection, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
• At 22 months post-treatment, the patient remained euthyroid with no evidence of recurrence.
• This case represents the first documented malignant thyroid teratoma with a prominent primitive neuroectodermal tumor component in Korea.

Implications:

• This case expands the understanding of rare malignant thyroid neoplasms.
• It underscores the importance of multidisciplinary treatment approaches for aggressive teratomas.
• Highlights the potential for successful management of malignant thyroid teratomas with extensive primitive neuroectodermal components.