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Assessing infection risk in implanted tissue-engineered devices.

Roel Kuijer1, Edwin J P Jansen, Pieter J Emans

  • 1Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, P.O. Box 196, 9700 AD Groningen, The Netherlands. r.kuijer@med.umcg.nl

Biomaterials
|June 29, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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Tissue-engineered (TE) implants, like traditional biomaterials, risk infection. This study found similar infection rates in cell-seeded and unseeded TE scaffolds in rabbit knee defects, highlighting the need for infection control in TE development.

Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Tissue Engineering

Background:

  • Peri-operative contamination is a primary cause of biomaterial-associated infections, complicating surgical outcomes.
  • The infection risk for novel cell-seeded tissue-engineered (TE) constructs has not been thoroughly evaluated.
  • Traditional implanted biomaterials carry a well-recognized risk of infection.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the incidence of infection in degradable polyester TE scaffold biomaterials implanted in rabbit knee osteochondral defects.
  • To assess if cell-seeding influences infection rates in TE scaffolds.
  • To evaluate infection risk over extended implantation periods.

Main Methods:

  • Surgical implantation of sterile polyester copolymer TE scaffolds (varying composition and pore volume) into rabbit knee osteochondral defects.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Scaffolds were implanted with or without autologous/allogeneic chondrocytes for 3 weeks to 9 months.
  • Infection assessment involved macroscopic observation (pus/abscesses) and post-mortem histological analysis.

    • Main Results:

    • Ten out of 228 implanted TE scaffolds showed signs of infection.
    • Infection incidence was 3.6% for non-cell-seeded scaffolds (6/167) and 6.3% for cell-seeded scaffolds (4/61).
    • Infections occurred across all scaffold types, regardless of polymer composition or pore volume, and up to 9 months post-implantation.

    Conclusions:

    • Infections in tissue-engineered implants represent a significant challenge, with incidences comparable to traditional biomaterial-associated infections.
    • The study indicates that both cell-seeded and unseeded TE scaffolds are susceptible to infection.
    • Development of robust infection control strategies is crucial for the clinical translation of TE devices.