Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Transaxillary First Rib Resection for Treatment of the Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Published on: September 13, 2020
Life threatening hemorrhage from osteoradionecrosis of the ribs and clavicle
Mohammed Iqbal Syed1, Louise J Clark, Calum Adams
1Department of Otolaryngology, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, United Kingdom. iqbalms@hotmail.com
Abstract:
Osteoradionecrosis (ORN) is a familiar complication of radiotherapy. ORN of the clavicle and ribs is well documented after radiation therapy for breast and pulmonary malignancy. ORN of the clavicle after radiation therapy to the neck is very rare. We report the first case in which both clavicles and first ribs underwent ORN 14 years after neck irradiation and surgery for laryngeal malignancy. The presentation was atypical; erosion of the right internal mammary artery causing life-threatening hemorrhage. Otolaryngologists should be aware that ORN can occur at an unusual site and can have an atypical presentation.
More Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
Flail Chest-I
Flail chest is a severe and potentially life-threatening condition characterized by the fracture of three or more adjacent ribs in multiple places. It is most commonly caused by direct impacts and trauma, such as motor vehicle accidents or injuries from a steering wheel impact. It can also occur due to falls in elderly individuals with osteoporosis, or assaults involving sharp objects.
Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of flail chest is complex, involving fractures of...
Pneumothorax-I
Pneumothorax can be even further classified as spontaneous, traumatic, and tension pneumothorax.
Flail Chest-II
Assessment:
1. Clinical Evaluation:
History:
Pneumothorax-II
Clinical Manifestations:
Pneumothorax II: Pathophysiology
Venous Thrombosis IV: Nursing Management

