Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Close Relationships and Culture

Close Relationships and Culture

Culture shapes how people approach attraction, choose partners, and build long-term relationships. While some preferences in mate selection appear consistent across cultures, such as men valuing physical attractiveness and women emphasizing financial resources, cultural contexts influence how these preferences are expressed and prioritized. Marriage extends beyond romantic ideals in many societies and is deeply embedded in social, economic, and religious frameworks.The Role of Culture in Mate...

Social Exchange Theory

Social Exchange Theory

We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).

Social Exchange Theory

Social Exchange Theory

As formulated by John Thibaut and Harold Kelley, Social Exchange Theory explains human relationships as economic-like exchanges that maximize rewards and minimize costs. This theory suggests that individuals engage in relationships to gain benefits and reduce burdens, similar to economic transactions. It has been widely applied to various types of relationships, including romantic, professional, and social interactions.Rewards and Costs in RelationshipsRelationship rewards include emotional...

Relationship Growth

Relationship Growth

Interpersonal relationships progress through stages, beginning with awareness and moving toward mutuality, where emotional connections deepen. While many relationships remain at moderate levels of mutuality, deeper connections form through self-disclosure, trust, and interdependence.Self-DisclosureSelf-disclosure involves revealing personal information, starting with surface-level details and gradually progressing to more intimate content. As trust grows, individuals feel more comfortable...

Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood

Theory of Romantic Attachment in Adulthood

Attachment is a long-standing connection or bond with others. While Attachment Theory was conceived in developmental psychology to describe infant-caregiver bonding, it's been extended into adulthood to include romantic relationships.

Relationship Formation

Relationship Formation

What do you think is the single most influential factor in determining with whom you become friends and whom you form romantic relationships? You might be surprised to learn that the answer is simple: the people with whom you have the most contact. This most important factor is proximity. You are more likely to be friends with people you have regular contact with. For example, there are decades of research that shows that you are more likely to become friends with people who live in your dorm,...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Red cell antibody and antigen patterns in patients with sickle cell disease: A multi-center analysis.

Transfusion·2026

Same author

Confronting medical grifting: Fraudulent and unproven products and interventions in apheresis, transfusion and biotherapies.

British journal of haematology·2025

Same author

The Development and Validation of a Dimensional Childhood Adversity Measure.

Assessment·2025

Same author

Service members' exposure to potentially morally injurious events: Intimate partner knowledge and response.

Military psychology : the official journal of the Division of Military Psychology, American Psychological Association·2025

Same author

Mixed Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Systematic Review of Epidemiology, Clinical Characteristics, Therapies, and Outcomes.

American journal of hematology·2025

Same author

Medical, Societal, and Ethical Considerations for Directed Blood Donation in 2025.

Annals of internal medicine·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Observation and Quantification of Mating Behavior in the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Observation and Quantification of Mating Behavior in the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Published on: December 25, 2016

Dating, marital, and hypothetical extradyadic involvements: how do they compare?

Elizabeth S Allen¹, Donald H Baucom

¹Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Denver and Health Sciences Center, CB 173, PO Box 173364, Denver, CO 80217, USA. elizabeth.allen@cudenver.edu

Journal of Sex Research

|June 30, 2007

Summary

Individuals imagining extradyadic involvement (EDI) reported less approval and more distress than those with actual experiences. Marital EDI experiences involved more dissonance and concern over disapproval compared to dating EDI.

More Related Videos

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Observation and Quantification of Mating Behavior in the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Observation and Quantification of Mating Behavior in the Pinewood Nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus

Published on: December 25, 2016

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility

Published on: May 30, 2025

Area of Science:

Psychology
Sociology
Relationship Science

Background:

Extradyadic involvement (EDI) is a complex phenomenon in romantic relationships.
Understanding the psychological and emotional responses to EDI is crucial for relationship research.

Purpose of the Study:

To compare the reported experiences and imagined responses to extradyadic involvement (EDI) across different relationship contexts.
To investigate the psychological factors associated with actual versus hypothetical EDI.

Main Methods:

Three samples were assessed: undergraduate dating (actual EDI), community marital (actual EDI), and undergraduate (hypothetical EDI).
Data collection involved assessing patterns of extradyadic involvement and associated psychological responses.

Main Results:

Hypothetical EDI participants showed less approval and anticipated greater relationship satisfaction and remorse compared to the dating EDI group.
The marital EDI group reported higher dissonance, concern about disapproval, and cited intimacy, self-esteem, and love as reasons for EDI compared to the dating group.
No group differences were observed in emotional closeness with the extradyadic partner.

Conclusions:

Perceptions and anticipated consequences of extradyadic involvement (EDI) differ significantly between hypothetical and actual experiences.
Relationship status (dating vs. marital) influences the recalled dissonance, concerns, and motivations associated with EDI.