Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Evaluation of Caspase Activation to Assess Innate Immune Cell Death
Published on: January 20, 2023
Coxsackievirus B3 modulates cell death by downregulating activating transcription factor 3 in HeLa cells
Ha Young Hwang1, Joo-Young Kim, Joong-Yeon Lim
1Division of Intractable Disease, Center for Biomedical Sciences, National Institute of Health, 194 Tongillo, Eunpyeong-gu, Seoul 122-701, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
Activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) is an early-induced gene involved in diverse cellular functions in response to various stresses including viral infection. Here we observed marked reduction of ATF3 by coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection and investigated the regulation and functional role of ATF3 in HeLa cells for the understanding of biological significance of ATF3 downregulation. CVB3 infection markedly reduced ATF3 expression at mRNA and protein levels in parallel with p53 degradation, and preservation of p53 expression rescued CVB3 infection-induced ATF3 downregulation. ATF3 overexpression stimulated apoptotic cell death following CVB3 infection, accompanying with augmentation of CVB3 infection-induced eIF2alpha phosphorylation. However, ATF3 overexpression did not affect viral protein production but promoted virus progeny release. Taken together, our results suggest that ATF3 is under control of p53 in part and that the ATF3 downregulation via p53 degradation may contribute to effective viral production as a modulation mechanism of CVB3 infection-induced cell death.
More Related Videos
08:16Identifying Caspases and their Motifs that Cleave Proteins During Influenza A Virus Infection
Published on: July 21, 2022
09:15Tyramide Signal Amplification for the Immunofluorescent Staining of ZBP1-Dependent Phosphorylation of RIPK3 and MLKL After HSV-1 Infection in Human Cells
Published on: October 20, 2022
Related Concept Videos
Cytotoxic T Cells-mediated Immune Response
Immunological surveillance is the ability of immune cells to monitor and eliminate infected cells with intracellular pathogens, neoplastically transformed cells, and cells with non-self antigens. Cytotoxic T cells and NK...
Cellular Injury IlI: Cellular Death
Receptor Downregulation in MVBs
The EGFR can initiate signaling pathways that lead to cell proliferation, migration, and differentiation. Overexpression of EGFR stimulates cells to proliferate. Excessive EGFR activation may...
The Extrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
The Intrinsic Apoptotic Pathway
B Cell Activation and Differentiation
When naive B cells encounter a specific antigen that can bind to the B cell receptor (BCR) on their surface, they undergo sensitization to respond to the antigen's presence. Sensitization begins with...