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Immune and cell modulation by amino acids.

Erich Roth1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Research Laboratories, Medical University of Vienna, Austria. erich.roth@meduniwien.ac.at

Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland)
|June 30, 2007
PubMed
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Post-aggression syndrome (PAS) involves metabolic changes impacting cell function. Glutamine supplementation stabilizes heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) mRNA, crucial for cellular repair and immune response in PAS.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Sir David Cuthbertson identified metabolic alterations in post-aggression syndrome (PAS).
  • Research has advanced from nitrogen balance to omics (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics) to understand PAS.
  • Acute catabolism, immobilization, and sarcopenia affect muscle cell genome and proteome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of glutamine in regulating cellular processes during post-aggression syndrome.
  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms by which glutamine influences heat-shock protein 70 (Hsp 70) induction.
  • To examine the effects of specific amino acids on cell and immune modulation in PAS.

Main Methods:

  • Studied the influence of glutamine deficiency on lymphocyte proliferation, monocyte/macrophage activity, heat-shock protein formation, apoptosis, redox potential, and AMPK activity.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigated glutamine's effect on Hsp 70 induction by examining dependence on transfer-RNA and heat-shock factor 1 (HSF 1) formation, transcription, and translation.
  • Analyzed molecular targets of administered arginine, glycine, cysteine, taurine, and tryptophan.

    • Main Results:

    • Glutamine deficiency in PAS impairs lymphocyte proliferation and alters immune cell function.
    • Glutamine deficiency decreases heat-shock protein formation, stimulates apoptosis, and shifts cellular redox potential.
    • Glutamine was demonstrated to stabilize Hsp 70 mRNA, prolonging its half-life and enhancing cellular protection.

    Conclusions:

    • Glutamine plays a critical regulatory role in cellular and immune responses within post-aggression syndrome.
    • Stabilization of Hsp 70 mRNA by glutamine is a key mechanism for mitigating cellular damage in PAS.
    • Specific amino acids like glutamine, arginine, glycine, taurine, and tryptophan are vital for cell and immune modulation in critical illness states.