Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Vascularized Composite Upper Limb Allograft Harvesting for Proximal Arm Allotransplantation
Published on: June 13, 2025
Current status of composite tissue allotransplantation
M Siemionow1, M Bozkurt, Y Kulahci
1Plastic Surgery/Microsurgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. siemiom@hotmail.com
Abstract:
Composite tissue allotransplantation (CTA) is emerging as a potential treatment for complex tissue defects. A major drawback for CTA remains the requirement of lifelong immunosuppression. Up to date numerous experimental CTA models have been introduced to the transplantation literature. After the first hand transplantation in 1998, the clinical applicability of CTA has attracted a lot of attention. This article will outline the historical background of CTA and our experience in different CTA models.
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