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Immunodeficiency Diseases

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Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent. The immune system comprises a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body from potentially harmful invaders. When this system is deficient or not functioning properly, it leaves the body susceptible to infections, diseases, or other complications.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Rapid In Vivo Assessment of Adjuvant's Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generation Capabilities for Vaccine Development

Rapid In Vivo Assessment of Adjuvant's Cytotoxic T Lymphocytes Generation Capabilities for Vaccine Development

Published on: June 19, 2018

Active vaccination in patients with common variable immunodeficiency (CVID).

S Goldacker¹, R Draeger, K Warnatz

¹Department for Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Hospital, Freiburg, Germany.

Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.)

|July 3, 2007

Summary

Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) patients can mount vaccine responses, particularly those in CVID group II. Functional B cell classification can help identify patients who may benefit from active vaccination alongside IgG therapy.

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In Vivo Assay for Detection of Antigen-specific T-cell Cytolytic Function Using a Vaccination Model

In Vivo Assay for Detection of Antigen-specific T-cell Cytolytic Function Using a Vaccination Model

Published on: November 28, 2017

Area of Science:

Immunology
Vaccinology

Background:

Active vaccination in Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) patients is understudied.
Some CVID patients exhibit transient vaccine-specific immunity.
Identifying CVID patients capable of responding to vaccines is crucial for optimizing treatment.

Purpose of the Study:

To determine if functional classification of B cell subsets can identify CVID patients who respond to vaccination.
To compare humoral vaccination responses with B cell subset numbers and in vitro antibody production capacity.

Main Methods:

Twenty-one CVID patients on IgG substitution were immunized with peptide and polysaccharide vaccines.
Humoral responses were assessed and correlated with circulating memory B cells, CD21(low) B cells, and in vitro antibody production.
Functional B cell classification was employed for patient stratification.

Main Results:

Vaccination responses were observed in CVID patients: 23% for polypeptide vaccines and 18% for polysaccharide antigens.
Class-switched antibody responses were more frequent in CVID group II patients.
A normal percentage of IgM memory B cells was necessary but not sufficient for polysaccharide vaccine response.

Conclusions:

Positive vaccination responses are possible in CVID patients, challenging previous assumptions.
CVID group II patients show a preference for class-switched antibody responses.
Active vaccination, in addition to IgG replacement, is recommended for CVID type II patients, especially for vaccines with uncertain passive protection.