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Multiple sclerosis and headache co-morbidity. A case-control study.

G Vacca1, E Marano, V Brescia Morra

  • 1Dipartimento di Scienze Neurologiche, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Naples, Italy, robertalanzillo@libero.it.

Neurological Sciences : Official Journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology
|July 3, 2007
PubMed
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People with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience primary headaches (PH) at higher rates than healthy individuals. Headache types and features are similar between MS patients and the general population.

Area of Science:

  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Headache is a common neurological symptom.
  • Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system.
  • The relationship between primary headache (PH) and MS requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the prevalence of primary headache (PH) in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
  • To compare headache types and features between MS patients and healthy controls.
  • To explore potential shared factors contributing to the comorbidity of MS and PH.

Main Methods:

  • A comparative study was conducted at a neurological clinic between 2004 and 2005.
  • Prevalence of headache was assessed in 238 MS patients and 238 age- and sex-matched healthy controls.

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  • Headache types and clinical features were analyzed and compared between groups.

    • Main Results:

    • The prevalence of headache was significantly higher in MS patients (51%) compared to controls (23%).
    • No significant differences were found in the rates or types of primary headaches between MS patients and controls.
    • In two-thirds of cases, headache symptoms preceded the onset of MS, and headache features remained stable after MS diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Primary headache is more prevalent in individuals with multiple sclerosis.
    • The findings suggest a potential shared pathophysiology or common underlying factors between MS and PH.
    • Further research into the clinical and biological traits linking MS and PH is warranted.