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Updated: Jul 14, 2026

Visualizing the Conformational Dynamics of Membrane Receptors Using Single-Molecule FRET
Published on: August 17, 2022
Toll-like receptors: structural pieces of a curve-shaped puzzle
Trevor Huyton1, Jamie Rossjohn, Matthew Wilce
1Protein Crystallography Unit, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
Abstract:
The toll-like receptors are responsible for recognizing invading pathogens and triggering a primary innate immune response by initiating a signalling pathway that ultimately leads to the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB). NF-kappaB induces the transcription of many genes that regulate both the inflammatory response and interferons that help control the development of adaptive immunity. In this review, we concentrate on the structure and function of toll-like receptors and our current understanding of the complexities of ligand binding, receptor dimerization and signal transduction.
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